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关于政治解决乌克兰危机的中国立场

China’s Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis

一、尊重各国主权。公认的国际法，包括联合国宪章宗旨和原则应该得到严格遵守，各国主权、独立和领土完整都应该得到切实保障。国家不分大小、强弱、贫富一律平等，各方要共同维护国际关系基本准则，捍卫国际公平正义。国际法应当得到平等统一适用，不应采取双重标准。1.Respecting the sovereignty of all countries. Universally recognized international law, including the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, must be strictly observed. The sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of all countries must be effectively upheld. All countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community. All parties should jointly uphold the basic norms governing international relations and defend international fairness and justice. Equal and uniform application of international law should be promoted, while double standards must be rejected.
二、摒弃冷战思维。一国的安全不能以损害他国安全为代价，地区安全不能以强化甚至扩张军事集团来保障。各国的合理安全利益和关切都应得到重视和妥善解决。复杂问题没有简单解决办法。应坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，着眼世界长治久安，推动构建均衡、有效、可持续的欧洲安全架构，反对把本国安全建立在他国不安全的基础之上，防止形成阵营对抗，共同维护亚欧大陆和平稳定。2.Abandoning the Cold War mentality. The security of a country should not be pursued at the expense of others. The security of a region should not be achieved by strengthening or expanding military blocs. The legitimate security interests and concerns of all countries must be taken seriously and addressed properly. There is no simple solution to a complex issue. All parties should, following the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security and bearing in mind the long-term peace and stability of the world, help forge a balanced, effective and sustainable European security architecture. All parties should oppose the pursuit of one’s own security at the cost of others’ security, prevent bloc confrontation, and work together for peace and stability on the Eurasian Continent.
三、停火止战。冲突战争没有赢家。各方应保持理性和克制，不拱火浇油，不激化矛盾，避免乌克兰危机进一步恶化甚至失控，支持俄乌相向而行，尽快恢复直接对话，逐步推动局势降级缓和，最终达成全面停火。3.Ceasing hostilities.  Conflict and war benefit no one. All parties must stay rational and exercise restraint, avoid fanning the flames and aggravating tensions, and prevent the crisis from deteriorating further or even spiraling out of control. All parties should support Russia and Ukraine in working in the same direction and resuming direct dialogue as quickly as possible, so as to gradually deescalate the situation and ultimately reach a comprehensive ceasefire.
四、启动和谈。对话谈判是解决乌克兰危机的唯一可行出路。一切有利于和平解决危机的努力都应得到鼓励和支持。国际社会应坚持劝和促谈正确方向，帮助冲突各方尽快打开政治解决危机的大门，为重启谈判创造条件和提供平台。中方愿继续为此发挥建设性作用。4.Resuming peace talks.  Dialogue and negotiation are the only viable solution to the Ukraine crisis. All efforts conducive to the peaceful settlement of the crisis must be encouraged and supported. The international community should stay committed to the right approach of promoting talks for peace, help parties to the conflict open the door to a political settlement as soon as possible, and create conditions and platforms for the resumption of negotiation. China will continue to play a constructive role in this regard.
五、解决人道危机。一切有利于缓解人道危机的举措都应得到鼓励和支持。人道主义行动必须遵守中立、公正原则，防止将人道问题政治化。切实保护平民安全，为平民撤离交战区建立人道主义走廊。加大对相关地区的人道主义援助，改善人道主义状况，提供快速、安全、无障碍的人道主义准入，防止出现更大规模人道主义危机。支持联合国在对冲突地区人道援助方面发挥协调作用。5.Resolving the humanitarian crisis. All measures conducive to easing the humanitarian crisis must be encouraged and supported. Humanitarian operations should follow the principles of neutrality and impartiality, and humanitarian issues should not be politicized. The safety of civilians must be effectively protected, and humanitarian corridors should be set up for the evacuation of civilians from conflict zones. Efforts are needed to increase humanitarian assistance to relevant areas, improve humanitarian conditions, and provide rapid, safe and unimpeded humanitarian access, with a view to preventing a humanitarian crisis on a larger scale. The UN should be supported in playing a coordinating role in channeling humanitarian aid to conflict zones.
六、保护平民和战俘。冲突当事方应严格遵守国际人道法，避免袭击平民和民用设施，应保护妇女、儿童等冲突受害者，尊重战俘的基本权利。中方支持俄乌交换战俘，各方应为此创造更多有利条件。6.Protecting civilians and prisoners of war (POWs). Parties to the conflict should strictly abide by international humanitarian law, avoid attacking civilians or civilian facilities, protect women, children and other victims of the conflict, and respect the basic rights of POWs. China supports the exchange of POWs between Russia and Ukraine, and calls on all parties to create more favorable conditions for this purpose.
七、维护核电站安全。反对武装攻击核电站等和平核设施。呼吁各方遵守核安全公约等国际法，坚决避免出现人为核事故。支持国际原子能机构为促进和平核设施的安全安保发挥建设性作用。7.Keeping nuclear power plants safe. China opposes armed attacks against nuclear power plants or other peaceful nuclear facilities, and calls on all parties to comply with international law including the Convention on Nuclear Safety (CNS) and resolutely avoid man-made nuclear accidents. China supports the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in playing a constructive role in promoting the safety and security of peaceful nuclear facilities.
八、减少战略风险。核武器用不得，核战争打不得。应反对使用或威胁使用核武器。防止核扩散，避免出现核危机。反对任何国家在任何情况下研发、使用生化武器。8.Reducing strategic risks. Nuclear weapons must not be used and nuclear wars must not be fought. The threat or use of nuclear weapons should be opposed. Nuclear proliferation must be prevented and nuclear crisis avoided. China opposes the research, development and use of chemical and biological weapons by any country under any circumstances.
九、保障粮食外运。各方应均衡全面有效执行俄罗斯、土耳其、乌克兰和联合国签署的黑海粮食运输协议，支持联合国为此发挥重要作用。中方提出的国际粮食安全合作倡议为解决全球粮食危机提供了可行方案。9.Facilitating grain exports. All parties need to implement the Black Sea Grain Initiative signed by Russia, Türkiye, Ukraine and the UN fully and effectively in a balanced manner, and support the UN in playing an important role in this regard. The cooperation initiative on global food security proposed by China provides a feasible solution to the global food crisis.
十、停止单边制裁。单边制裁、极限施压不仅解决不了问题，而且会制造出新的问题。反对任何未经安理会授权的单边制裁。有关国家应停止对他国滥用单边制裁和“长臂管辖”，为乌克兰危机降温发挥作用，也为发展中国家发展经济和改善民生创造条件。10.Stopping unilateral sanctions. Unilateral sanctions and maximum pressure cannot solve the issue; they only create new problems. China opposes unilateral sanctions unauthorized by the UN Security Council. Relevant countries should stop abusing unilateral sanctions and “long-arm jurisdiction” against other countries, so as to do their share in deescalating the Ukraine crisis and create conditions for developing countries to grow their economies and better the lives of their people.
十一、确保产业链供应链稳定。各方应切实维护现有世界经济体系，反对把世界经济政治化、工具化、武器化。共同减缓危机外溢影响，防止国际能源、金融、粮贸、运输等合作受到干扰，损害全球经济复苏。11.Keeping industrial and supply chains stable. All parties should earnestly maintain the existing world economic system and oppose using the world economy as a tool or weapon for political purposes. Joint efforts are needed to mitigate the spillovers of the crisis and prevent it from disrupting international cooperation in energy, finance, food trade and transportation and undermining the global economic recovery.
十二、推动战后重建。国际社会应采取措施支持冲突地区战后重建。中方愿为此提供协助并发挥建设性作用。12.Promoting post-conflict reconstruction. The international community needs to take measures to support post-conflict reconstruction in conflict zones. China stands ready to provide assistance and play a constructive role in this endeavor.

来源：新华网、外交部网站

后台回复关键词：乌克兰

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