「Part 19」2023政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord 2023-05-05

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#政府工作报告笔记 76 个

#政府工作报告 43 个

（五）有效防范化解重大经济金融风险。

5. Effectively preventing and defusing major economic and financial risks

注：

重大经济金融风险

‍major economic and financial risks

防范化解

prevent and defuse

📍defuse /ˌdiːˈfjuːz/ 表示“缓和；平息”，英文解释为“to make a difficult or dangerous situation calmer by reducing or removing its cause”举个🌰：The two groups will meet next week to try to defuse the crisis/situation/tension. 双方将于下周会面以求缓和危机/局面/紧张局势。

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深化金融体制改革，完善金融监管，压实各方责任，防止形成区域性、系统性金融风险。

We need to deepen reform of the financial system, improve financial regulation, and see that all those involved assume their full responsibilities to guard against regional and systemic financial risks.

注：

压实各方责任

see that all those involved assume their full responsibilities

区域性、系统性金融风险

regional and systemic financial risks

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 11：完善金融风险处置工作机制，压实各方责任，We will improve the mechanism for managing financial risks, see responsibilities are fulfilled by all the stakeholders,

有效防范化解优质头部房企风险，改善资产负债状况，防止无序扩张，促进房地产业平稳发展。

We should ensure effective risk prevention and mitigation in high-quality, leading real estate enterprises, help them improve debt-to-asset ratios, and prevent unregulated expansion in the real estate market to promote stable development of the real estate sector.

注：

优质头部房企

high-quality, leading real estate enterprises

改善资产负债状况

improve debt-to-asset ratios

防止无序扩张

prevent unregulated expansion

房地产市场

the real estate market

房地产业

the real estate sector

防范化解地方政府债务风险，优化债务期限结构，降低利息负担，遏制增量、化解存量。

To prevent and defuse local government debt risks, we should improve the mix of debt maturities, reduce the burden of interest payments, and prevent a build-up of new debts while working to reduce existing ones.

注：

地方政府债务风险

local government debt risks

优化债务期限结构

improve the mix of debt maturities

降低利息负担

reduce the burden of interest payments

遏制增量、化解存量

prevent a build-up of new debts while working to reduce existing ones

📍maturity /məˈtʃʊə.rə.ti/ 1）表示“发育成熟，长成”，英文解释为“the state of being completely grown physically”举个🌰：How long does it take for the chicks to grow to maturity? 小鸡多长时间才能长大？

2）表示“（保险合同或投资）到期，开始有回报”，英文解释为“the time when an insurance agreement or investment becomes ready to be paid”举个🌰：The investment reaches maturity after ten years. 这项投资10年后开始获得回报。

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 9：优先安排小微企业，对小微企业的存量留抵税额于6月底前一次性全部退还，增量留抵税额足额退还。We will give priority to micro and small enterprises, refunding outstanding VAT credits to them in one lump sum by the end of June, while also fully refunding newly added credits.

（六）稳定粮食生产和推进乡村振兴。

6. Stabilizing grain output and advancing rural revitalization

注：

粮食生产

grain output

推进乡村振兴

advancing rural revitalization

稳定粮食播种面积，抓好油料生产，实施新一轮千亿斤粮食产能提升行动。

We should keep total grain acreage at a stable level, promote the production of oilseed crops, and launch a new drive to increase grain production capacity by 50 million metric tons.

注：

粮食播种面积

grain acreage

油料生产

the production of oilseed crops

提升粮食产能

increase grain production capacity

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 14：稳定粮食播种面积， We will keep total grain acreage at a stable level,

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 10：稳定和扩大粮食播种面积，扩种大豆油料，优化生产结构布局，提高单产和品质。We stabilized and increased grain acreage, expanded the production of soybeans and other oil-yielding crops, improved the composition and geographic distribution of agricultural production, and increased per unit crop yield and the quality of grains.

2022年报告Part 14：促进大豆和油料增产。and increase the production of soybeans and other oilseed crops.

2021年报告Part 14：多措并举扩大油料生产。We will adopt multiple measures to expand the production of oil-bearing crops,

📍metric ton表示“公吨，米制吨（=1,000 公斤）”（a unit for measuring weight, equal to 1,000 kilograms）

📍注意单位的换算：

1公吨 = 1000公斤，1斤 = 0.5公斤

千亿斤 = 100000000000斤 = 50000000000公斤 = 50000000公吨（metric tons）= 50 million metric tons

完善农资保供稳价应对机制。

We should improve contingency plans for ensuring the provision of agricultural supplies at stable prices.

注：

农资

agricultural supplies

保供稳价

ensuring the provision at stable prices

完善应对机制-->完善应急预案

improve contingency plans

📍contingency /kənˈtɪndʒənsɪ/ 表示“可能发生的事；意外事件，不测事件”，英文解释为“A contingency is something that might happen in the future.”举个🌰：I need to examine all possible contingencies. 我得查看所有可能发生的事。

加强农田水利和高标准农田等基础设施建设。

We should ramp up the development of high-standard cropland, facilities for irrigation and water conservancy, and other agricultural infrastructure.

注：

高标准农田

high-standard cropland

农田水利

irrigation and water conservancy

「类似表述对比」

2019年报告Part 15：加强农田水利建设， We will strengthen farmland irrigation and water conservancy,

深入实施种业振兴行动。强化农业科技和装备支撑。

We should invigorate the seed industry and support the development of agricultural science, technology, and equipment.

注：

种业振兴

invigorate the seed industry

农业科技和装备

agricultural science, technology, and equipment

「类似表述对比」

二十大报告Part 17：深入实施种业振兴行动，强化农业科技和装备支撑，健全种粮农民收益保障机制和主产区利益补偿机制， We will invigorate the seed industry, support the development of agricultural science, technology, and equipment, and refine the mechanisms for ensuring the incomes of grain growers and for compensating major grain-producing areas.

2022年报告Part 14：加快推进种业振兴， We will revitalize the seed industry at a faster pace,

发展乡村特色产业，拓宽农民增收致富渠道。

Rural industries with local features should be fostered to create more channels for increasing rural incomes.

注：

rural industries with local features

乡村特色产业

农民增收（致富）

increasing rural incomes

巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果，坚决防止出现规模性返贫。

Our achievements in poverty alleviation should be consolidated and expanded to prevent large-scale relapse into poverty.

注：

脱贫（攻坚）成果

achievements in poverty alleviation

防止出现规模性返贫

prevent large-scale relapse into poverty

推进乡村建设行动。

Rural development initiatives should be advanced.

注：

乡村建设行动

rural development initiatives

国家关于土地承包期再延长30年的政策，务必通过细致工作扎实到位。

We must meticulously and effectively carry out work related to the extension of rural land contracts for an additional 30 years.

注：

土地承包

rural land contracts

土地承包期再延长30年

the extension of rural land contracts for an additional 30 years

细致工作扎实到位

meticulously and effectively carry out work

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告Part 15：落实第二轮土地承包到期后再延长30年的政策。We will implement the policy extending second round rural land contracts by another 30 years upon their expiration.

📍meticulously /məˈtɪk.jə.ləs.li/ 表示“细致地；一丝不苟地；拘泥地；小心翼翼地”，英文解释为“in a way that shows great care and attention to detail”。

（七）推动发展方式绿色转型。

7. Continuing the transition to green development

注：

发展方式绿色转型

the transition to green development

深入推进环境污染防治。

Pollution prevention and control should be intensified.

注：

污染防治

pollution prevention and control

加强城乡环境基础设施建设，持续实施重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程。

We should improve urban-rural environmental infrastructure and continue to implement major projects for protecting and restoring key ecosystems.

注：

加强...建设

improve

城乡环境基础设施

urban-rural environmental infrastructure

重要生态系统保护和修复重大工程

major projects for protecting and restoring key ecosystems

推进煤炭清洁高效利用和技术研发，加快建设新型能源体系。

We should promote R&D for the clean and efficient use of coal and move faster to develop a new energy system.

注：

煤炭清洁高效利用

the clean and efficient use of coal

研发

R&D

建设新型能源体系

develop a new energy system

完善支持绿色发展的政策，发展循环经济，推进资源节约集约利用，推动重点领域节能降碳，持续打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。

We should improve policies for green development, develop the circular economy, promote efficient and intensive use of resources, advance energy conservation and carbon reduction in key areas, and continue working to keep our skies blue, waters clear, and lands clean.

注：

发展循环经济

develop the circular economy

推进资源节约集约利用

promote efficient and intensive use of resources

节能降碳

energy conservation and carbon reduction

打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战

keep our skies blue, waters clear, and lands clean

📍集约化原是经济领域中的一句术语，本意是指在最充分利用一切资源的基础上，更集中合理地运用现代管理与技术，充分发挥人力资源的积极效应，以提高工作效益和效率的一种形式。

「类似表述对比」

二十大报告Part 27：推进生态优先、节约集约、绿色低碳发展。We will prioritize ecological protection, conserve resources and use them efficiently, and pursue green and low-carbon development.

二十大报告Part 27：坚持精准治污、科学治污、依法治污，持续深入打好蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。We will continue to control pollution in a lawful, targeted, and science-based way, and we will make further efforts to keep our skies blue, waters clear, and lands clean.

2019年报告Part 3：全面开展蓝天、碧水、净土保卫战。We launched an all-out fight to keep our skies blue, our waters clear, and our land pollution-free.

（八）保障基本民生和发展社会事业。

8. Meeting people’s basic living needs and developing social programs

注：

基本民生

people’s basic living needs

发展社会事业

developing social programs

加强住房保障体系建设，支持刚性和改善性住房需求，解决好新市民、青年人等住房问题。

We should improve the housing support system, support people in buying their first homes or improving their housing situation, and help resolve the housing problems of new urban residents and young people.

注：

住房保障体系

the housing support system

支持刚性和改善性住房需求

support people in buying their first homes or improving their housing situation

住房问题

the housing problems

新市民、青年人

new urban residents and young people

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 2：出台金融支持措施，支持刚性和改善性住房需求，扎实推进保交楼稳民生工作。 We adopted financial measures to meet people's demand for buying their first home or improving their housing situation and took concrete steps to ensure that overdue housing projects were completed and delivered to meet people's basic living needs.

推进义务教育优质均衡发展和城乡一体化，大力发展职业教育，推进高等教育创新。

We should promote high-quality, balanced development and urban-rural integration of compulsory education, intensify efforts to develop vocational education, and continue to explore new ground in higher education.

注：

优质均衡发展

high-quality, balanced development

城乡一体化

urban-rural integration

义务教育

compulsory education

职业教育

vocational education

高等教育

higher education

创新

explore new ground

推动优质医疗资源扩容下沉和区域均衡布局。

We should see that more quality medical resources are channeled toward the community level and more evenly distributed among regions.

注：

优质医疗资源

quality medical resources

下沉（到基层）

be channeled toward the community level

区域均衡布局

evenly distributed among regions

📍quality 作形容词，表示“优质的，优良的，高级的”，英文解释为“of a high standard”举个🌰：This is a quality product. 这是优质产品。

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 18：围绕制造业重点产业链，集中优质资源合力推进关键核心技术攻关。 We should, with a focus on key industrial chains in the manufacturing sector, pool quality resources and make concerted efforts to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields.

2023年报告Part 14：做好洪涝干旱、森林草原火灾、地质灾害、地震等防御和气象服务。effectively protected against floods, droughts, forest and grassland fires, geological disasters, and earthquakes, and provided quality meteorological services.

2019年报告Part 14：多渠道增加优质产品和服务供给，use multiple avenues to increase the supply of quality products and services,

加强养老服务保障，完善生育支持政策体系。

We need to improve elderly care services and refine supporting policies on childbirth.

注：

养老服务

elderly care services

生育支持政策体系

supporting policies on childbirth

保障妇女、儿童、老年人、残疾人合法权益。

We should protect the legitimate rights and interests of women, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities.

注：

合法权益

the legitimate rights and interests

老年人

the elderly

残疾人

people with disabilities

做好军人军属、退役军人和其他优抚对象优待抚恤工作。

We should see that service members and their families, ex-service members, and other entitled groups receive the benefits and subsidies they are entitled to.

注：

军人军属

service members and their families

退役军人

ex-service members

优抚对象

entitled groups

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 18：做好军人军属、退役军人和其他优抚对象优待抚恤工作。We will see that service members and their families, ex-service members, and other entitled groups receive the benefits and subsidies they are entitled to.

2022年报告Part 4：提高优抚标准。 Benefits were raised for entitled groups.

2021年报告Part 17：加强军人军属、退役军人和其他优抚对象优待工作，We will increase the benefits for service members and their families, ex-service members, and other entitled groups,

2018年报告Part 18：稳步提高城乡低保、社会救助、抚恤优待等标准。We will steadily raise urban and rural subsistence allowances, social assistance benefits, and benefits for entitled groups.

📍优抚对象是优待对象和抚恤对象的统称。根据中国《军人抚恤优待条例》规定，中国人民解放军现役军人、服现役或者退出现役的残疾军人以及复员军人、退伍军人、烈士遗属、因公牺牲军人遗属、病故军人遗属、现役军人家属统称为优抚对象，按规定享受抚恤优待。

繁荣发展文化事业和产业。

We should develop cultural programs and the cultural sector.

注：

文化事业

cultural programs

文化产业

the cultural sector

提升社会治理效能。

We should work to make social governance more effective.

注：

提升社会治理效能-->让社会治理更有效