「Part 18」2022政府工作报告中英文对照注释版
We will improve social security and social services.
注：
社会保障和（社会）服务
social security and social services
稳步实施企业职工基本养老保险全国统筹，
We will work steadily toward national unified management of basic old-age insurance funds for enterprise employees,
注：
全国统筹-->全国统一管理
national unified management
企业职工基本养老保险（基金）
basic old-age insurance funds for enterprise employees
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告Part 5：建立企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂制度， We established a system for the central government to allocate nationwide enterprise employees' basic aged-care insurance funds,
2018年报告Part 14：建立企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂制度 establish a central system for enterprise employees' basic old-age pension funds to be used inter-provincially.
适当提高退休人员基本养老金和城乡居民基础养老金标准，确保按时足额发放。
appropriately raise the basic pensions for retirees and basic old-age benefits for rural and non-working urban residents, and ensure that these payments are made on time and in full.
注：
退休人员基本养老金
the basic pensions for retirees
城乡居民基础养老金
basic old-age benefits for rural and non-working urban residents
按时足额发放
payments are made on time and in full
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告Part 4：上调退休人员基本养老金。The basic pension for retirees was increased.
2020年报告Part 17：上调退休人员基本养老金，提高城乡居民基础养老金最低标准。We will increase the basic pension for retirees and the minimum basic old-age pension for rural and non-working urban residents.
2019年报告Part 19：继续提高退休人员基本养老金 continue to increase the basic retirement pension
2019年报告Part 5：提高退休人员基本养老金 raised retirees' basic pensions,
2017年报告Part 16：继续提高（退休人员）基本养老金 We will continue raising basic pension payments
「类似表述对比」
2020年报告Part 17：全国近3亿人领取养老金，必须确保按时足额发放。Close to 300 million people in our country live on pensions, and we must ensure they receive their benefits on time and in full.
2019年报告：养老金合理增长并按时足额发放，and aged-care pensions increase as appropriate and are paid on time and in full,
2017年报告：继续提高（退休人员）基本养老金，确保按时足额发放。We will continue raising basic pension payments and see they are paid on time and in full.
2016年报告：各地要切实负起责任，确保养老金按时足额发放。Local governments need to fulfill their duties to ensure that pension benefits are paid on time and in full.
继续规范发展第三支柱养老保险。
We will continue to regulate development of private pensions as the third pillar.
注：
第三支柱
the third pillar
个人（出资）养老金
private pensions
📍第三支柱养老保险，是养老金制度中的一个部分，代表个人出资储备的养老金。第一支柱指的是基本养老保险；第二支柱是企业年金、职业年金。
2021年报告Part 17：规范发展第三支柱养老保险。 As the third pillar, private pensions will develop in a well-regulated way.
加快推进工伤和失业保险省级统筹。
We will move faster to promote unified management of workers’ compensation funds and unemployment insurance funds at the provincial level.
注：
统筹-->统一管理
unified management
工伤（补偿基金）
workers’ compensation funds
失业保险（基金）
unemployment insurance funds
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 10：继续降低失业和工伤保险费率， We will further reduce premiums for unemployment insurance and workers' compensation,
2020年报告：失业保险 unemployment insurance；工伤保险 work injury compensation insurance
2019年报告：继续执行阶段性降低失业和工伤保险费率政策。The current policy of reducing premiums for unemployment insurance and work injury compensation insurance will continue.
做好军人军属、退役军人和其他优抚对象优待抚恤工作。
We will see that service members and their families, ex-service members, and other entitled groups receive the benefits and subsidies they are entitled to.
注：
军人军属
service members and their families
退役军人
ex-service members / demobilized military personnel
优抚对象
entitled groups
优待抚恤
benefits and subsidies
2022年报告Part 4：提高优抚标准。 Benefits were raised for entitled groups.
2021年报告Part 17：加强军人军属、退役军人和其他优抚对象优待工作，We will increase the benefits for service members and their families, ex-service members, and other entitled groups,
2018年报告：稳步提高城乡低保、社会救助、抚恤优待等标准。We will steadily raise urban and rural subsistence allowances, social assistance benefits, and benefits for entitled groups.
📍优抚对象是优待对象和抚恤对象的统称。根据中国《军人抚恤优待条例》规定，中国人民解放军现役军人、服现役或者退出现役的残疾军人以及复员军人、退伍军人、烈士遗属、因公牺牲军人遗属、病故军人遗属、现役军人家属统称为优抚对象，按规定享受抚恤优待。
积极应对人口老龄化，
We will proactively respond to population aging,
注：
人口老龄化
population aging
积极应对
proactively respond to
优化城乡养老服务供给，
improve elderly care in urban and rural areas,
注：
养老服务（老年照护）
elderly care
支持社会力量提供日间照料、助餐助洁、康复护理等服务，
support private entities in providing elderly care services such as day care, assistance with meals and cleaning, and rehabilitation care,
注：
日间照料
day care
助餐助洁
assistance with meals and cleaning
康复护理
rehabilitation care
社会力量
private entities
📍社会力量，指能够参与、作用于社会发展的基本单元，包括自然人、法人（社会组织、党政机关事业单位、非政府组织、党群社团、非营利机构、企业等等）。
2021年报告Part 14：发挥中央单位和社会力量帮扶作用， Central departments and organizations as well as non-governmental actors will continue to play their roles in providing assistance.
鼓励发展农村互助式养老服务，
and encourage mutual-assistance elderly care in rural areas.
注：
互助式养老（服务）
mutual-assistance elderly care
推动老龄事业和产业高质量发展。
We will promote high-quality development of both elderly care programs and the elderly care sector.
注：
老龄事业和产业
elderly care programs and the elderly care sector
十九大报告：推进医养结合，加快老龄事业和产业发展。 We will provide integrated elderly care and medical services, and accelerate the development of old-age programs and industries.
完善三孩生育政策配套措施，
We will improve the supporting measures for the three-child policy,
注：
三孩生育政策
the three-child policy
配套措施
the supporting measures
将3岁以下婴幼儿照护费用纳入个人所得税专项附加扣除，
make care expenses for children under three part of the special additional deductions for individual income tax,
注：
个人所得税
individual income tax
婴幼儿照护费用
care expenses for children
专项附加扣除
the special additional deductions
发展普惠托育服务，减轻家庭养育负担。
and develop public-interest childcare services to ease the burden of raising a family.
注：
普惠托育服务
public-interest childcare services
家庭养育负担（养家糊口负担）
the burden of raising a family
强化未成年人保护。
We will step up protection of minors,
注：
未成年人
minors
提升残疾预防和康复服务水平。
strengthen disability prevention, and provide better rehabilitation services for people with disabilities.
注：
残疾预防
disability prevention
残疾人
people with disabilities
康复服务
rehabilitation services
加强民生兜底保障和遇困群众救助，努力做到应保尽保、应助尽助。
We will do more to meet the people’s basic needs, strengthen assistance to people in difficulty, and ensure that our social safety net provides support and assistance to everyone who needs it.
注：
民生兜底保障
meet the people’s basic needs
遇困群众
people in difficulty
社会保障网
social safety net
应保尽保、应助尽助-->为每个需要的人提供保障和帮助
provide support and assistance to everyone [who needs it]
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 17：坚决兜住民生底线。 We are fully determined to ensure that the basic living needs of all our people are met.
2020年报告Part 14：强化兜底保障。 We will work harder to ensure that the basic needs of the poor population are met.
2020年报告Part 16：面对困难，基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢，群众关切的事情要努力办好。 Despite the difficulties we face, we must unfailingly meet the basic living needs of our people and address issues of public concern.
2020年报告Part 7：加强重大风险防控，坚决守住不发生系统性风险底线。Strong prevention and control measures will be taken to forestall systemic risks.
2019年报告：基本民生的底线要坚决兜牢 ensure that the basic living needs of the people are met
2018年报告：强化民生兜底保障。We will strengthen efforts to meet people's basic living needs.
2015年报告：兜底线 ensure there is a cushion in place for those most in need
继续保障好群众住房需求。
We will continue to meet people’s housing needs.
注：
保障群众住房需求
meet people’s housing needs
坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位，
Guided by the principle that houses are for living in, not for speculation,
注：
房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的
houses are for living in, not for speculation,
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 17：坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位，稳地价、稳房价、稳预期。Upholding the principle that housing is for living in, not for speculation, we will keep the prices of land and housing as well as market expectations stable.
2020年报告：坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位，Acting on the principle that houses are for living in, not for speculation,
2018年报告：坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位，We must be clear that houses are for living in, not for speculation.
十九报告：坚持房子是用来住的、不是用来炒的定位，We must not forget that housing is for living in, not for speculation.
探索新的发展模式，坚持租购并举，
we will explore new models for housing development and encourage both housing rentals and purchases.
注：
租购并举
encourage both housing rentals and purchases
「类似表述对比」
十九大报告：加快建立多主体供给、多渠道保障、租购并举的住房制度，With this in mind, we will move faster to put in place a housing system that ensures supply through multiple sources, provides housing support through multiple channels, and encourages both housing purchase and renting.
加快发展长租房市场，
We will move faster to develop the long-term rental market,
注：
长租（房）市场
the long-term rental market
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 17：规范发展长租房市场，We will ensure well-regulated development of the long-term rental housing market,
推进保障性住房建设，
promote the construction of government-subsidized housing,
注：
保障性住房
government-subsidized housing
📍保障性住房是指政府为中低收入住房困难家庭所提供的限定标准、限定价格或租金的住房，一般由廉租住房、经济适用住房、政策性租赁住房、定向安置房等构成。
支持商品房市场更好满足购房者的合理住房需求，
and support the commodity housing market in better meeting the reasonable needs of homebuyers.
注：
商品房市场
the commodity housing market
满足合理需求
meet the reasonable needs
稳地价、稳房价、稳预期，
We will keep land costs, housing prices and market expectations stable,
注：
稳地价、稳房价、稳预期
keep land costs, housing prices and market expectations stable
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 17：稳地价、稳房价、稳预期。we will keep the prices of land and housing as well as market expectations stable.
因城施策促进房地产业良性循环和健康发展。
and adopt city-specific measures to facilitate positive circulation and sound development in the real estate sector.
注：
因城施策
adopt city-specific measures
促进良性循环
facilitate positive circulation
健康发展
sound development
房地产业
the real estate sector
丰富人民群众精神文化生活。
We will enrich people’s intellectual and cultural lives.
注：
人民群众精神文化生活
people’s intellectual and cultural lives
培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，深化群众性精神文明创建。
We will promote and observe the core socialist values and carry out public initiatives to promote cultural and ethical advancement.
注：
社会主义核心价值观
the core socialist values
培育和践行
promote and observe / cultivate and promote
精神文明创建（精神文明建设） cultural and ethical advancement
群众性...-->群众的项目/倡议/活动
public initiatives
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 18：培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，We will cultivate and promote the core socialist values,
繁荣新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术、哲学社会科学和档案等事业。
We will see that the press and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art, philosophy, social sciences, and archiving all flourish.
注：
新闻出版
press and publishing
广播影视
radio, film, and television
文学艺术
literature and art
哲学社会科学和档案
philosophy, social sciences, and archiving
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 18：繁荣新闻出版、广播影视、文学艺术、哲学社会科学和档案等事业。China's press and publishing, radio, film, and television, literature and art, philosophy, social sciences, and archives will continue to flourish.
2020年报告：发展哲学社会科学、新闻出版、广播影视、文物等事业。and continue to develop philosophy and social sciences, the press, publishing, radio, film, and television and to protect cultural relics.
2019年报告：发展新闻出版、广播影视和档案等事业。develop the press, publishing, radio, film, television, and archiving.
深入推进全民阅读。
A love of reading will continue to be fostered among our people.
注：
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 18：倡导全民阅读。A love of reading will be fostered among our people.
2019年报告：倡导全民阅读，推进学习型社会建设。We will champion a culture of reading among our people and advance the building of a learning society.
2017年报告：大力推动全民阅读 We will work hard to foster a love of reading in our people.
2016年报告：倡导全民阅读 We will work to foster a love of reading in our people.
加强和创新互联网内容建设，深化网络生态治理。
We will develop new ways to strengthen the development of online content and improve cyberspace governance.
注：
网络（生态）治理
cyberspace governance
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 18：加强互联网内容建设和管理，发展积极健康的网络文化。More efforts will be made to ensure the quality of online content through improved management, and to cultivate a positive and healthy online culture.
推进公共文化数字化建设，
We will develop digital public cultural services,
注：
公共文化数字化（服务）
digital public cultural services
促进基层文化设施布局优化和资源共享，
improve the layout of cultural facilities and promote the sharing of cultural resources at the community level,
注：
文化设施
cultural facilities
基层
at the community level
扩大优质文化产品和服务供给。
and increase the supply of quality cultural products and services.
注：
优质文化产品和服务
quality cultural products and services
加强文物古籍保护利用和非物质文化遗产保护传承。
We will protect and use cultural artifacts and ancient manuscripts more effectively and better preserve and pass on our intangible cultural heritage.
注：
文物古籍
cultural artifacts and ancient manuscripts
非物质文化遗产
intangible cultural heritage
用好北京冬奥会遗产。
We will make the most of the legacy of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
注：
遗产
legacy
用好
make the most of ...
北京冬奥会
the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics
建设群众身边的体育场地设施，促进全民健身蔚然成风。
We will see that more sports venues and facilities are built close to people’s homes and promote extensive public fitness activities.
注：
体育场地设施
sports venues and facilities
群众身边-->靠近人们的家
close to people’s homes
促进全民健身蔚然成风
promote extensive public fitness activities
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 18：完善全民健身公共服务体系。The public service system for fitness and physical activity will be improved.
推进社会治理共建共治共享。
We will advance social governance based on collaboration, participation, and common gains.
注：
社会治理
social governance
共建共治共享
(based on) collaboration, participation/co-governance, and common gains
「类似表述对比」
2018年报告Part 19：打造共建共治共享社会治理格局。 We will develop a new model of social governance based on collaboration, co-governance, and common gains.
促进人民安居乐业、社会安定有序。
We will work to ensure that our people enjoy peace and contentment in work and life and that there is stability and order in society.
注：
人民安居乐业
people enjoy peace and contentment in work and life
社会安定有序
there is stability and order in society
「类似表述对比」
十九大报告：确保国家长治久安、人民安居乐业。 We must work hard to see that our country enjoys enduring peace and stability and our people live and work in contentment.
创新和完善基层社会治理，
We will develop new approaches to improving social governance at the primary level,
注：
基层社会治理
social governance at the primary level
创新-->开发新方法
develop new approaches to ...
强化社区服务功能，
strengthen the service provision functions of communities,
注：
社区服务功能
the service provision functions of communities
加强社会动员体系建设，
develop a system for mobilizing all sectors of society,
注：
社会动员体系
a system for mobilizing all sectors of society
提升基层治理能力。
and enhance primary-level governance capacity.
注：
基层治理能力
primary-level governance capacity
健全社会信用体系。
We will further improve the social credit system.
注：
社会信用体系
the social credit system
发展社会工作，支持社会组织、人道救助、志愿服务、公益慈善等健康发展。
We will develop social work, and support the healthy development of social organizations, humanitarian assistance, volunteer services, public welfare and charitable initiatives, and other related activities.
注：
社会工作
social work / social services
社会组织
social organizations
人道救助
humanitarian assistance
志愿服务
volunteer services
公益慈善
public welfare and charitable initiatives
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 18：大力发展社会工作，支持社会组织、人道救助、志愿服务、公益慈善发展。We will enhance social services, support the development of social organizations, humanitarian assistance, volunteer service, public-interest activities, and charity.
严厉打击拐卖妇女儿童犯罪行为，坚决保障妇女儿童合法权益。
We will crack down hard on the trafficking of women and children and protect their lawful rights and interests.
注：
严厉打击
crack down hard on ...
拐卖妇女儿童
the trafficking of women and children
合法权益
lawful rights and interests
📍熟词僻义，traffic一词除了熟知的“交通”的意思，还有“流量”的含义，英文解释：the movement of messages and signals through an electronic communication system，如“数据流量”：data traffic。此外，作为动词，还有“贩卖（人口）”的意思，to illegally buy or sell people, or make money from work they are forced to do, such as sex work. 如：人口贩卖 human trafficking.
traffic (v.) 过去式 trafficked 过去分词：trafficked 现在分词：trafficking.
📍people trafficking/human trafficking表示“贩卖人口”，英文解释为“the crime of buying and selling people, or making money from work they are forced to do, such as sex work”
健全老年人、残疾人关爱服务体系。
The system for supporting and caring for senior citizens and people with disabilities will also be improved.
注：
关爱服务体系
the system for supporting and caring
老年人
senior citizens
残疾人
people with disabilities
完善信访制度，加强矛盾纠纷排查化解，
We will improve the system for handling public complaints, identify and defuse social problems,
注：
信访制度
the system for handling public complaints
排查化解
identify and defuse
矛盾纠纷-->社会问题
social problems
依法及时解决群众合理诉求。
and see that the justified demands of the public are promptly addressed in accordance with the law.
注：
群众合理诉求
the justified demands of the public
依法
in accordance with the law
重视社会心理服务。
We will attach great importance to public psychological and counseling services.
注：
社会心理（咨询）服务
public psychological and counseling services
重视
attach great importance to ...
强化公共法律服务和法律援助。
Better public legal services and legal aid will be provided.
注：
公共法律服务
public legal services
法律援助
legal aid
提高防灾减灾救灾和应急救援能力，
We will enhance disaster prevention, mitigation and relief capabilities, as well as emergency rescue capacity,
注：
防灾减灾救灾能力
disaster prevention, mitigation and relief capabilities
应急救援能力
emergency rescue capacity
做好洪涝干旱、森林草原火灾、地质灾害、地震等防御和气象服务。
better protect against floods, droughts, forest and grassland fires, geological disasters and earthquakes, and provide quality meteorological services.
注：
洪涝
floods
干旱
droughts
森林草原火灾
forest and grassland fires
地质灾害
geological disasters
地震
earthquakes
气象服务
meteorological services
严格食品全链条质量安全监管。
We will tighten supervision over quality and safety across the entire food chain.
注：
食品全链条
(across) the entire food chain
落实安全生产责任和管理制度，
We will implement the responsibility and management systems for workplace safety,
注：
安全生产（工作场所安全）
workplace safety
责任和管理制度
the responsibility and management systems
深入开展安全生产专项整治三年行动，
carry out a three-year drive to promote workplace safety,
注：
安全生产专项整治三年行动
a three-year drive to promote workplace safety
有效遏制重特大事故发生。
and take effective steps to prevent major and serious accidents.
注：
重特大事故
major and serious accidents
遏制...发声
prevent
推进国家安全体系和能力建设。
We will advance the building of our national security system and capacity,
注：
国家安全体系和能力
(our) national security system and capacity
强化网络安全、数据安全和个人信息保护。
and strengthen cyber security, data security and protection of personal information.
注：
网络安全
cyber security
数据安全
data security
个人信息保护
protection of personal information
加强社会治安综合治理，
We will take a full range of steps to maintain law and order,
注：
综合（治理）-->采取全方位的步骤...
take a full range of steps to ...
治安
law and order
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 18：完善社会治安防控体系，We will improve the crime prevention and control system,
2019年报告Part 20：完善立体化社会治安防控体系，We will improve the multidimensional crime prevention and control system,
2019年报告Part 5：强化社会治安综合治理，We strengthened comprehensive measures to maintain law and order,
2016年报告：强化社会治安综合治理 strengthen all-round efforts to maintain law and order
推动扫黑除恶常态化，
continue the ongoing efforts to combat organized crime and root out local criminal gangs,
注：
扫黑除恶
combat organized crime and root out local criminal gangs
常态化
ongoing
「类似表述对比」
2021年报告Part 18：常态化开展扫黑除恶斗争， make efforts to combat organized crime and root out local criminal gangs on an ongoing basis,
2019年报告Part 20：深入推进扫黑除恶专项斗争，and intensify the special campaign to root out organized crime and local mafia.
坚决防范和打击各类违法犯罪，建设更高水平的平安中国、法治中国。
and firmly prevent and crack down on illegal and criminal activities of all types, so as to reach a higher level in building a peaceful China and advancing the rule of law in China.
注：
各类违法犯罪
illegal and criminal activities of all types
建设平安中国
build a peaceful China
建设法治中国
advance the rule of law in China
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