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罗伯特.勃朗宁诗22首

英国 星期一诗社 2024-01-10

Me Yet


You'll love me yet!—and I can tarry

Your love's protracted growing:

June reared that bunch of flowers you carry,

From seeds of April's sowing.


I plant a heartful now: some seed

At least is sure to strike,

And yield—what you'll not pluck indeed,

Not love, but, may be, like.


You'll look at least on love's remains,

A grave's one violet:

Your look? —that pays a thousand pains.

What's death? You'll love me yet!



你总有一天将爱我 


你总有一天将爱我,我能等

你的爱情慢慢地生长;

像你手里的这把花,经历了

四月的播种和六月的滋养。


今天我播下满怀的种子,

至少有几颗会扎下根;

结出的果尽管你不肯采摘,

尽管不是爱,也不会差几分。


你至少会看一眼爱的遗迹——

我坟前的一朵紫罗兰;

你的一眼就补偿了千般苦恋,

死有何妨?你总有爱我的一天。




My Last Duchess

(Ferrara)


That's my last Duchess painted on the wall,

Looking as if she were alive. I call

That piece a wonder, now: Fra Pandolf's hands

Worked busily a day, and there she stands.

Will't please you sit and look at her? I said

"Fra Pandolf" by design, for never read

Strangers like you that pictured countenance,

The depth and passion of its earnest glance,

But to myself they turned (since none puts by

The curtain I have drawn for you, but I)

And seemed as they would ask me, if they durst,

How such a glance came there; so, not the first

Are you to turn and ask thus. Sir, 'twas not

Her husband's presence only, called that spot

Of joy into the Duchess'cheek: perhaps

Fra Pandolf chanced to say "Her mantle laps

Over my lady's wrist too much,” or "Paint

Must never hope to reproduce the faint

Half-flush that dies along her throat:" such stuff

Was courtesy, she thought, and cause enough

For calling up that spot of joy. She had

A heart—how shall I say? —too soon made glad,

Too easily impressed; she liked whate'er

She looked on, and her looks went everywhere.

Sir, 'twas all one! My favour at her breast,

The dropping of the daylight in the West,

The bough of cherries some officious fool

Broke in the orchard for her, the white mule

She rode with round the terrace—all and each

Would draw from her alike the approving speech,

Or blush, at least. She thanked men, —good! but thanked

Somehow—I know not how—as if she ranked

My gift of a nine-hundred-years-old name

With anybody's gift. Who'd stoop to blame

This sort of trifling? Even had you skill

In speech—(which I have not) —to make your will

Quite clear to such an one, and say, "Just this

Or that in you disgusts me; here you miss,

Or there exceed the mark"—and if she let

Herself be lessoned so, nor plainly set

Her wits to yours, forsooth, and made excuse,

—E'en then would be some stooping; and I choose

Never to stoop. Oh sir, she smiled, no doubt,

Whene'er I passed her; but who passed without

Much the same smile? This grew; I gave commands;

Then all smiles stopped together. There she stands

As if alive. Will't please you rise? We'll meet

The company below, then. I repeat,

The Count your master's known munificence

Is ample warrant that no just pretence

Of mine for dowry will be disallowed;

Though his fair daughter's self, as I avowed

At starting, is my object. Nay, we'll go

Together down, sir. Notice Neptune, though,

Taming a sea-horse, thought a rarity,

Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me!



我的前公爵夫人

(斐拉拉 )


墙上的这幅画是我的前公爵夫人,

看起来就像她活着一样。如今,

我称它为奇迹:潘道夫师 的手笔

经一日忙碌,从此她就在此站立。

你愿坐下看看她吗?我有意提起

潘道夫,因为外来的生客(例如你)

凡是见了画中描绘的面容、

那真挚的眼神的深邃和热情,

没有一个不转向我(因为除我外

再没有别人把画上的帘幕拉开),

似乎想问我可是又不大敢问:

是从哪儿来的——这样的眼神?

你并非第一个人回头这样问我。

先生,不仅仅是她丈夫的在座

使公爵夫人面带欢容,可能

潘道夫偶然说过:“夫人的披风

盖住她的手腕太多,”或者说:

“隐约的红晕向颈部渐渐隐没,

这绝非任何颜料所能复制。”

这种无聊话,却被她当成好意,

也足以唤起她的欢心。她那颗心——

怎么说好呢?——要取悦容易得很,

也太易感动。她看到什么都喜欢,

而她的目光又偏爱到处观看。

先生,她对什么都一样!她胸口上

佩戴的我的赠品,或落日的余光,

过分殷勤的傻子在园中攀折

给她的一枝樱桃,或她骑着

绕行花圃的白骡——所有这一切

都会使她同样地赞羡不绝,

或至少泛起红晕。她感激人,好的!

但她的感激(我说不上怎么搞的)

仿佛把我赐她的九百年的门第

与任何人的赠品并列。谁愿意

屈尊去谴责这种轻浮举止?即使

你有口才(我却没有)能把你的意志

给这样的人儿充分说明:“你这点

或那点令我讨厌。这儿你差得远,

而那儿你超越了界限。”即使她肯听

你这样训诫她而毫不争论,

毫不为自己辩解,——我也觉得

这会有失身份;所以我选择

绝不屈尊。哦,先生,她总是在微笑,

每逢我走过;但是谁人走过得不到

同样慷慨的微笑?发展至此,

我下了令:于是一切微笑都从此制止。

她站在那儿,像活着一样。请你起身,

客人们在楼下等。我再重复一声:

你的主人——伯爵先生闻名的大方

足以充分保证:我对嫁妆

提出任何合理要求都不会遭拒绝;

当然,如我开头声明的,他美貌的小姐

才是我追求的目标。别客气,让咱们

一同下楼吧。但请看这海神尼普顿

在驯服海马,这是件珍贵的收藏,

是克劳斯为我特制的青铜铸像!




The Lost Mistress


All's over, then: does truth sound bitter

As one at first believes?

Hark, 'tis the sparrows'good-night twitter

About your cottage eaves!


And the leaf-buds on the vine are woolly,

I noticed that, to-day;

One day more bursts them open fully

—You know the red turns grey.


To-morrow we meet the same then, dearest?

May I take your hand in mine?

Mere friends are we,—well, friends the merest

Keep much that I resign:


For each glance of the eye so bright and black,

Though I keep with heart's endeavour,—

Your voice, when you wish the snowdrops back,

Though it stay in my soul for ever!—


Yet I will but say what mere friends say,

Or only a thought stronger;

I will hold your hand but as long as all may,

Or so very little longer!




失去的恋人


那么,一切都过去了。难道实情的滋味

真有预想的那么难咽?

听,麻雀在你家村居的屋檐周围

唧唧喳喳地道着晚安。


今天我发现葡萄藤上的芽苞

毛茸茸地,鼓了起来;

再一天时光就会把嫩叶催开,瞧:

暗红正渐渐转为灰白。


最亲爱的,明天我们能否照样相遇?

我能否仍旧握住你的手?

“仅仅是朋友”,好吧,我失去的许多东西,

最一般的朋友倒还能保留:


你乌黑澄澈的眼睛每一次闪烁

我都永远铭刻在心;

我心底也永远保留着你说

“愿白雪花回来”的声音!


但是,我将只说一般朋友的语言,

或许再稍微强烈一丝;

我握你的手,将只握礼节允许的时间,

或许再稍微长一霎时!



Home-Thoughts, from Abroad


Oh, to be in England

Now that April's there,

And whoever wakes in England

Sees, some morning, unaware,

That the lowest boughs and the brushwood sheaf

Round the elm-tree bole are in tiny leaf,

While the chaffinch sings on the orchard bough

In England—now!


And after April, when May follows,

And the whitethroat builds, and all the swallows!

Hark, where my blossomed pear-tree in the hedge

Leans to the field and scatters on the clover

Blossoms and dewdrops—at the bent spray's edge—

That's the wise thrush; he sings each song twice over,

Lest you should think he never could recapture

The first fine careless rapture!

And though the fields look rough with hoary dew

All will be gay when noontide wakes anew

The buttercups, the little children's dower

—Far brighter than this gaudy melon-flower!




海外乡思 


啊,但愿此刻身在英格兰,

趁这四月天,

一个早晨醒来,

谁都会突然发现;

榆树四周低矮的枝条和灌木丛中,

小小的嫩叶已显出一片葱茏,

听那苍头燕雀正在果园里唱歌,

在英格兰啊,在此刻!


四月过去,五月接踵来到,

燕子都在衔泥,白喉鸟在筑巢!

我园中倚向篱笆外的梨树

把如雨的花瓣和露珠

洒满了树枝之下的苜蓿田;

聪明的鸫鸟在那儿唱,把每支歌都唱两遍,

为了免得你猜想:它不可能重新捕捉

第一遍即兴唱出的美妙欢乐!

尽管露水笼罩得田野灰白暗淡,

到中午一切又将喜气盎然,

苏醒的毛茛花是孩子们的“嫁妆”,

这华而俗的甜瓜花哪儿比得上它灿烂明亮!




The Bishop Orders His Tomb at Saint Praxed's Church


Rome, 15—


Vanity, saith the preacher, vanity!

Draw round my bed: is Anselm keeping back?

Nephews—sons mine...ah God, I know not! Well—

She, men would have to be your mother once,

Old Gandolf envied me, so fair she was!

What's done is done, and she is dead beside,

Dead long ago, and I am Bishop since,

And as she died so must we die ourselves,

And thence ye may perceive the world's a dream.

Life, how and what is it? As here I lie

In this state-chamber, dying by degrees,

Hours and long hours in the dead night, I ask

"Do I live, am I dead?" Peace, peace seems all.

Saint Praxed's ever was the church for peace;

And so, about this tomb of mine. I fought

With tooth and nail to save my niche, ye know:

—Old Gandolf cozened me, despite my care;

Shrewd was that snatch from out the corner South

He graced his carrion with, God curse the same!

Yet still my niche is not so cramped but thence

One sees the pulpit o'the epistle-side,

And somewhat of the choir, those silent seats,

And up into the aery dome where live

The angels, and a sunbeam's sure to lurk:

And I shall fill my slab of basalt there,

And 'neath my tabernacle take my rest,

With those nine columns round me, two and two,

The odd one at my feet where Anselm stands:

Peach-blossom marble all, the rare, the ripe

As fresh-poured red wine of a mighty pulse.

—Old Gandolf with his paltry onion-stone,

Put me where I may look at him! True peach,

Rosy and flawless: how I earned the prize!

Draw close: that conflagration of my church

—What then? So much was saved if aught were missed!

My sons, ye would not be my death? Go dig

The white-grape vineyard where the oil-press stood,

Drop water gently till the surface sink,

And if ye find...Ah God, I know not, I!...

Bedded in store of rotten fig-leaves soft,

And corded up in a tight olive-frail,

Some lump, ah God, of lapis lazuli ,

Big as a Jew's head cut off at the nape,

Blue as a vein o'er the Madonna's breast...

Sons, all have I bequeathed you, villas, all,

That brave Frascati villa with its bath,

So, let the blue lump poise between my knees,

Like God the Father's globe on both his hands

Ye worship in the Jesu Church so gay,

For Gandolf shall not choose but see and burst!

Swift as a weaver's shuttle fleet our years:

Man goeth to the grave, and where is he?

Did I say basalt for my slab, sons? Black—

'Twas ever antique-black I meant! How else

Shall ye contrast my frieze to come beneath?

The bas-relief in bronze ye promised me,

Those Pans and Nymphs ye wot of, and perchance

Some tripod, thyrsus, with a vase or so,

The Saviour at his sermon on the mount,

Saint Praxed in a glory, and one Pan

Ready to twitch the Nymph's last garment off,

And Moses with the tables...but I know

Ye mark me not! What do they whisper thee,

Child of my bowels, Anselm? Ah, ye hope

To revel down my villas while I gasp

Bricked o'er with beggar's mouldy travertine

Which Gandolf from his tomb-top chuckles at!

Nay, boys, ye love me—all of jasper, then!

'Tis jasper ye stand pledged to, lest I grieve

My bath must needs be left behind, alas!

One block, pure green as a pistachio-nut,

There's plenty jasper somewhere in the world—

And have I not Saint Praxed's ear to pray

Horses for ye, and brown Greek manuscripts,

And mistresses with great smooth marbly limbs?

—That's if ye carve my epitaph aright,

Choice Latin, picked phrase, Tully's every word,

No gaudy ware like Gandolf's second line—

Tully, my masters? Ulpian serves his need!

And then how I shall lie through centuries,

And hear the blessed mutter of the mass,

And see God made and eaten all day long,

And feel the steady candle-flame, and taste

Good strong thick stupefying incense-smoke!

For as I lie here, hours of the dead night,

Dying in state and by such slow degrees,

I fold my arms as if they clasped a crook,

And stretch my feet forth straight as stone can point,

And let the bedclothes, for a mortcloth, drop

Into great laps and folds of sculptor's-work:

And as yon tapers dwindle, and strange thoughts

Grow, with a certain humming in my ears,

About the life before I lived this life,

And this life too, popes, cardinals and priests,

Saint Praxed at his sermon on the mount,

Your tall pale mother with her talking eyes,

And new-found agate urns as fresh as day,

And marble's language, Latin pure, discreet,

—Aha, ELUCESCEBAT quoth our friend?

No Tully, said I, Ulpian at the best!

Evil and brief hath been my pilgrimage.

All lapis , all, sons! Else I give the Pope

My villas! Will ye ever eat my heart?

Ever your eyes were as a lizard's quick,

They glitter like your mother's for my soul,

Or ye would heighten my impoverished frieze,

Piece out its starved design, and fill my vase

With grapes, and add a vizor and a Term ,

And to the tripod ye would tie a lynx

That in his struggle throws the thyrsus down,

To comfort me on my entablature

Whereon I am to lie till I must ask

"Do I live, am I dead?" There, leave me, there!

For ye have stabbed me with ingratitude

To death—ye wish it—God, ye wish it! Stone—

Gritstone, a-crumble! Clammy squares which sweat

As if the corpse they keep were oozing through—

And no more lapis to delight the world!

Well go! I bless ye. Fewer tapers there,

But in a row: and, going, turn your backs

—Ay, like departing altar-ministrants,

And leave me in my church, the church for peace,

That I may watch at leisure if he leers—

Old Gandolf, at me, from his onion-stone,

As still he envied me, so fair she was!



圣普拉西德教堂的主教吩咐后事 

(罗马,15__年)


虚空啊,传道者说,凡事皆虚空! 

围到我床边来;安塞姆你躲什么?

外甥们,儿子们……上帝呀,我可不知情! 

她呀,谁不想要她做你们的母亲,

甘道夫老家伙妒忌我,她是那样美! 

事情早已定局,她呢,也死了,

死去很久了,从那时我就是主教。

我们像她一样,也终有一死,

你们也该悟到:浮生若梦啊!

人生是怎么回事?当我躺着,

在这华丽的卧室,奄奄待毙,

在一片死寂的漫漫长夜,我问:

“我是死,是活?”似乎一切宁静。

圣普拉西德教堂祈求的是宁静啊。

好了,说说我的坟地吧。为了它,

我曾连撕带咬地争夺,要知道

甘道夫老家伙骗了我,尽管我当心;

他占了南面,使他的臭尸增光,

愿上帝诅咒!——死了还伸一只手!

不过我的坟地也不算太窄,

从那儿可以望到教堂的讲坛,

也能看到些唱诗班的座位,

向上望,直到天使居住的穹顶,

准有一线阳光在悄悄移动;

我要在那儿睡进玄武石棺,

在我的华盖下得到安息,而周围

还要有九根石柱,两两成对,

第九根在脚后——安塞姆站的地方,——

全要用桃花大理石,名贵,红艳,

如同新斟的葡萄酒浓洌的酒浆。

——甘道夫老家伙的洋葱石 算老几?

让我能从坟里看到他!真桃花,

毫无裂缝的,我才配得此奖赏!

围拢点;我的教堂那次失火——

怎么样?虽有损失救出的可不少!

孩子们,你们不愿伤我的心吧?

去挖葡萄园里,榨油机旁,

轻轻洒点水把土浇透,如果

你们找到……上帝呀,我可不知情!

在松松的无花果烂叶堆里,

在装橄榄的篓子里,紧紧捆着

一大块(啊,上帝呀)天青琉璃石, 

大得像犹太人头从颈部割断,

青得像圣母胸口淡青的脉管…… 

孩子们,我把遗产全给了你们,

漂亮的郊区别墅,还带有浴室,

所以,把那块青石放在我膝间,

就像你们在华丽的耶稣会教堂

所拜的上帝像手里捧的圆球, 

让甘道夫看见把肺都气炸!

我们的岁月像梭子一样飞行,

人走向坟墓,如今他在何处?

我刚才说用玄武石棺吗,儿子们?

不!我的意思是黑大理石!否则

怎能与下面的花边相得而益彰?

浮雕用青铜的,你们答应过我,

要雕牧神和水仙女,你们晓得的,

穿插些祭司座、酒神杖、瓶瓮之属,

再雕出救主耶稣在山上传道,

圣普拉西德头戴光圈,一个牧神

正要扯光仙女最后的衣衫,

还有摩西和十诫 ……但我知道:

你们不听我!他们对你耳语什么,

我的心肝安塞姆?哦,你们打算

把我的别墅败个精光,而叫我

在埋乞丐的烂石灰堆下窒息,

让甘道夫从他的坟头窃笑?

不,孩子们,你们是爱我的,——那么,

全部用碧玉!你们要向我发誓,

免得我为留下了浴室而遗憾!

整块的、纯绿的,就像阿月浑子果 ,

世界上碧玉有的是,只要去找,——

圣普拉西德是听信我的,我求她

赐你们骏马、古老的希腊手稿、

和四肢如大理石般滑润的情妇!

——不过你们得把我的碑文刻对:

精选的拉丁文,西塞罗的风格,

不能像甘道夫的第二行那么俗,

古雅文风吗?他可不够资格!

那时节我将怡然地安卧千年,

听着做弥撒的神圣的嗡嗡

看见成天制出并分吃上帝, 

感到烛火在燃烧,稳而不颤,

闻到浓烈的香烟,薰人昏眩!

如今当我躺在死寂的夜里,

盛装正寝,慢慢地奄奄待毙,

我交叠双手,仿佛握着权杖,

伸直双脚,仿佛一尊石像,

让我的被单像棺布般下垂,

形成雕塑作品的巨大褶皱,

当那边烛光渐熄,奇怪的念头

开始生长,耳朵里嗡嗡作声,

想起我这辈子以前的前生

和此生,教皇、红衣主教和神父,

还有圣普拉西德在山上传道,

想起你们苗条而苍白的母亲

和她那双会说话的眼睛, 

新出土的鲜明的玛瑙古瓮

和大理石的古文,纯粹的拉丁,——

哈哈,那老兄刻着“名若泰斗”?

这岂是古雅?至多是二流的文品!

我的朝圣旅程不幸而短促。

全部琉璃玉,孩子!否则我把别墅

全送给教皇!你们别再啃我的心,

你们的眼睛像四脚蛇的那么尖,

却使我想起你母亲眼睛的闪光,

也许你们肯增添我寒酸的花边,

联结它贫瘠的花纹,在我的瓶中

装满葡萄,外加面具和胸像柱,

你们在祭司座上再拴只猞猁狲,

它蹦跳挣扎,把酒神杖摔倒——

这样的雕花才能使我满足。

我将躺在上面,直到我要问:

“我是死,是活?”算了,离开我,罢了!

你们的忘恩负义刺伤了我,

致我于死——上帝呀,你们巴不得!——

石料!碎砂石!湿漉漉地滴水,

仿佛是棺中的尸体冒出了液汁——

还说什么炫耀世界的琉璃玉!

走吧!求求你们。少点几支烛,

但要排成排:走时转过背,对,

就像助祭们离开祭坛那样,

把我独自留在我的教堂——

这祈求宁静的教堂,让我空闲时

瞧瞧甘道夫从他的洋葱石棺里

是不是斜眼瞅我——因为毕竟

老家伙仍然妒忌我,她是那样美!




The Confessional

(Spain)


I

It is a lie—their Priests, their Pope,

Their Saints, their...all they fear or hope

Are lies, and lies—there! through my door

And ceiling, there! and walls and floor,

There, lies, they lie—shall still be hurled

Till spite of them I reach the world!


II

You think Priests just and holy men!

Before they put me in this den

I was a human creature too,

With flesh and blood like one of you,

A girl that laughed in beauty's pride

Like lilies in your world outside.


III

I had a lover—shame avaunt!

This poor wrenched body, grim and gaunt,

Was kissed all over till it burned,

By lips the truest, love e'er turned

His heart's own tint: one night they kissed

My soul out in a burning mist.


IV

So, next day when the accustomed train

Of things grew round my sense again,

"That is a sin," I said: and slow

With downcast eyes to church I go,

And pass to the confession-chair,

And tell the old mild father there.


V

But when I falter Beltran's name,

"Ha?" quoth the father; "much I blame

The sin; yet wherefore idly grieve?

Despair not—strenuously retrieve!

Nay, I will turn this love of thine

To lawful love, almost divine;


VI

"For he is young, and led astray,

This Beltran, and he schemes, men say,

To change the laws of church and state;

So, thine shall be an angel's fate,

Who, ere the thunder breaks, should roll

Its cloud away and save his soul.


VII

"For, when he lies upon thy breast,

Thou mayst demand and be possessed

Of all his plans, and next day steal

To me, and all those plans reveal,

That I and every priest, to purge

His soul, may fast and use the scourge.”


VIII

That father's beard was long and white,

With love and truth his brow seemed bright;

I went back, all on fire with joy,

And, that same evening, bade the boy

Tell me, as lovers should, heart-free,

Something to prove his love of me.


IX

He told me what he would not tell

For hope of heaven or fear of hell;

And I lay listening in such pride!

And, soon as he had left my side,

Tripped to the church by morning-light

To save his soul in his despite.


X

I told the father all his schemes,

Who were his comrades, what their dreams;

"And now make haste," I said, "to pray

The one spot from his soul away;

To-night he comes, but not the same

Will look!" At night he never came.


XI

Nor next night: on the after-morn,

I went forth with a strength new-born.

The church was empty; something drew

My steps into the street; I knew

It led me to the market-place:

Where, lo, on high, the father's face!


XII

That horrible black scaffold dressed,

That stapled block...God sink the rest!

That head strapped back, that blinding vest,

Those knotted hands and naked breast,

Till near one busy hangman pressed,

And, on the neck these arms caressed…


XIII

No part in aught they hope or fear!

No heaven with them, no hell! —and here,

No earth, not so much space as pens

My body in their worst of dens

But shall bear God and man my cry,

Lies—lies, again—and still, they lie!




忏悔室

(西班牙)


1

这是欺骗——他们的神父和教皇,

他们的圣徒……他们的敬畏和希望,

全是欺骗,欺骗!尽管牢门重重,

四面是墙,上下没一道缝,

欺骗,他们欺骗!——我要高喊,

直到我的声音被全世界听见!


2

你们以为教士们圣洁公正!

是他们把我抓进这囚笼,

要知道以前我也是个人,

有血有肉,和你们相同,

是一个快活美丽的姑娘,

像你们外面的百合花一样。


3

我曾有过情人——不必为此害羞!

我可怜的身体,如今可怕而枯瘦,

曾在他纯真的吻下销熔,——

爱情把他的唇染上了心的鲜红,

一夜间他把我全身吻遍,吻醉,

我的灵魂啊,在燃烧的雾里飞。


4

第二天,周围的一切恢复常规,

把我的神智纳入了正轨,

我说:“我有罪,”垂下了眼光,

我慢慢移步走向教堂,

走向忏悔席,面向着神父——

一位慈祥的老者,把一切说出。


5

我支吾着说出贝尔特兰的姓名,

“哈?”神父说,“你的罪甚重,

但是又何必无谓地伤悲?

别绝望——还可以努力挽回!

不但如此,我能把你的爱情

化为合法,甚至几乎化为神圣。


6

“因为他还年轻,只是误入迷途,

这个贝尔特兰,据说他企图

把教会和国家的法律改变;

所以,天使的任务落在你的双肩

你应当在天雷轰响前把乌云

扫除,从而拯救他的灵魂。


7

“当他躺在你的胸脯上时,

你可以盘问他,设法得知

他的全部计划,第二天你悄悄

来找我,把这些计划向我报告,

以便我和教士们斋戒苦修,

涤静他的灵魂上的污垢。”


8

神父的胡须白又长,他额上

似乎闪耀着爱和真理之光;

我回去了,高兴得心里发热,

当天晚上,我就对情郎说:

对爱人应当把胸怀敞开,

告诉我一切,来证实你的爱。


9

即便为了进天堂,他也绝不会说,

可是他把一切都告诉了我;

我听着,心里充满了自豪!

等他离开了我身边,一清早,

我迈着轻快的步子走向教堂,

去拯救他的灵魂,不顾他的愿望。


10

我把他的计划都告诉了神父;

把他的同志和目标全盘说出;

我说:“拜托你们赶快祈祷,

把他灵魂中的一点瑕疵除掉;

今晚他来时会焕发新的光彩!”

天黑了,可是他整夜没有来。


11

第二夜也没有来,第三天早上

我鼓起新的力气走向教堂,

教堂里空空如也;有一种力

引着我的脚步向街上走去,

我知道,它把我引向市场——

在那儿,瞧,神父的脸高高在上!


12

黑魆魆的绞刑台钉上了滑车,

但愿上帝叫其余一切沉没!

眼被蒙住,头往后勒,

双手紧缚,胸脯赤裸,

绞刑吏上来,抓紧时刻,

一双手轻轻把脖子抚摸……


13

他们没有希望,没有敬畏和顾虑,

对他们,既没有天堂也没有地狱!

这里连地也没有,没有羊圈大的地,

我的身子在他们最坏的囚室里,

让上帝和人承受我的呼喊:

欺骗,欺骗——全是欺骗!




Meeting at Night


The grey sea and the long black land;

And the yellow half-moon large and low;

And the startled little waves that leap

In fiery ringlets from their sleep,

As I gain the cove with pushing prow,

And quench its speed i'the slushy sand.


Then a mile of warm sea-scented beach;

Three fields to cross till a farm appears;

A tap at the pane, the quick sharp scratch

And blue spurt of a lighted match,

And a voice less loud, thro'its joys and fears,

Than the two hearts beating each to each!




夜半相会


灰蒙蒙的海,一带黑色的陆,

大而黄的半个月亮低悬天边。

浪花儿朵朵从睡梦中惊跳,

化作小圈儿无数,磷火闪耀。

我驾小船驶入小小的海湾。

就在泥泞的海涂稳稳刹住。


在带海腥味的滩头走一哩路,

越过三块田,一座农庄出现。

窗玻璃上轻弹,嗤的一声摩擦,

擦燃的火柴喷出一朵蓝花。

又惊又喜的一声呼,但这呼唤

早被两颗心同跳的声音盖住!




Parting at Morning


Round the cape of a sudden came the sea,

And the sun looked over the mountain's rim:

And straight was a path of gold for him,

And the need of a world of men for me.




清晨离别


绕过海岬大海扑面而来,

太阳在山边缘刚刚露脸:

一条笔直的金路在他面前,

而我需要一个男性的世界。




A Woman's Last Word


I

Let's contend no more, Love,

Strive nor weep:

All be as before, Love,

—Only sleep!


II

What so wild as words are?

I and thou

In debate, as birds are,

Hawk on bough!


III

See the creature stalking

While we speak!

Hush and hide the talking,

Cheek on cheek!


IV

What so false as truth is,

False to thee?

Where the serpent's tooth is

Shun the tree—


V

Where the apple reddens

Never pry—

Lest we lose our Edens,

Eve and I.


VI

Be a god and hold me

With a charm!

Be a man and fold me

With thine arm!


VII

Teach me, only teach, Love!

As I ought

I will speak thy speech, Love,

Think thy thought—


VIII

Meet, if thou require it,

Both demands,

Laying flesh and spirit

In thy hands.


IX

That shall be to-morrow

Not to night:

I must bury sorrow

Out of sight:


X

—Must a little weep, Love,

(Foolish me!)

And so fall asleep, Love,

Loved by thee.




一个女人的最后的话


1

爱人,咱们别再吵了,

忍住眼泪,

让一切还像以前好了,

安心地睡。


2

出口的言词控制不了,

难免伤人,

我们吵起来像两只鸟,

枝头鹰隼!


3

瞧!蛇趁我们说话间

悄悄爬近!

小声!脸贴着我的脸,

小声,当心!


4

有什么能比真实更假,

对你而言?

那棵树,有蛇的毒牙,

得躲远点,


5

那树上苹果红得诱人——

永不窥探;

否则我将步夏娃后尘,

失去乐园。


6

像天神似的抱着我吧,

展现魅力!

像男子汉般搂紧我吧,

以你的臂力!


7

教我吧,爱人,教会我,

我该这样:

我要学会说你所说,

想你所想,


8

你所有要求,我都满足,

全无保留,

把肉体和心灵——全部

交在你手,


9

都给你——但不是今宵,

而是明天,

我必须先把悲伤埋掉,

不让人见,


10

我必须哭一会,爱人,

(我多傻气!)

然后才能入睡,爱人,

在你的爱里。




A Toccata of Galuppi's


I

Oh Galuppi, Baldassaro, this is very sad to find!

I can hardly misconceive you; it would prove me deaf and blind;

But although I take your meaning, 'tis with such a heavy mind!


II

Here you come with your old music, and here's all the good it brings.

What, they lived once thus at Venice where the merchants were the kings

Where Saint Mark's is, where the Doges used to wed the sea with rings?


III

Ay, because the sea's the street there; and 'tis arched by...what you call

...Shylock's bridge with houses on it, where they kept the carnival:

I was never out of England—it's as if I saw it all.


IV

Did young people take their pleasure when the sea was warm in May?

Balls and masks begun at midnight, burning ever to mid-day,

When they made up fresh adventures for the morrow, do you say?


V

Was a lady such a lady, cheeks so round and lips so red,—

On her neck the small face buoyant, like a bell-flower on its bed,

O'er the breast's superb abundance where a man might base his head?


VI

Well, and it was graceful of them—they'd break talk off and afford

—She, to bite her mask's black velvet—he, to finger on his sword,

While you sat and played Toccatas, stately at the clavichord?


VII

What? Those lesser thirds so plaintive, sixths diminished, sigh on sigh,

Told them something? Those suspensions, those solutions—"Must we die?

Those commiserating sevenths—"Life might last! we can but try!”


VIII

"Were you happy?"—"Yes."—"And are you still as happy?"—"Yes. And yo

—"Then, more kisses!"—"Did I stop them, when a million seemed so fe

Hark, the dominant's persistence till it must be answered to!


IX

So, an octave struck the answer. Oh, they praised you, I dare say!

"Brave Galuppi! that was music! good alike at grave and gay!

I can always leave off talking when I hear a master play!"


X

Then they left you for their pleasure: till in due time, one by one,

Some with lives that came to nothing, some with deeds as well undone,

Death stepped tacitly and took them where they never see the sun.


XI

But when I sit down to reason, think to take my stand nor swerve,

While I triumph o'er a secret wrung from nature's close reserve,

In you come with your cold music till I creep thro'every nerve.


XII

Yes, you, like a ghostly cricket, creaking where a house was burned:

"Dust and ashes, dead and done with, Venice spent what Venice earned.

The soul, doubtless, is immortal—where a soul can be discerned.


XIII

"Yours for instance: you know physics, something of geology,

Mathematics are your pastime; souls shall rise in their degree;

Butterflies may dread extinction, —you'll not die, it cannot be!


XIV

"As for Venice and her people, merely born to bloom and drop,

Here on earth they bore their fruitage, mirth and folly were the crop:

What of soul was left, I wonder, when the kissing had to stop?


XV

"Dust and ashes!" So you creak it, and I want the heart to scold.

Dear dead women, with such hair, too—what's become of all the gold

Used to hang and brush their bosoms? I feel chilly and grown old.




加卢皮 的托卡塔曲 


1

啊,巴达萨雷·加卢皮,发现这点真令人悲痛!

我不大可能误解你,我既不瞎,也不聋,

但我了解了你的意思,心情是多么沉重!


2

你来了,你带来了古老的音乐,使人身历其境。

原来,商人为王的威尼斯,生活是这等情景?

在圣马可教堂 边,总统每年投指环与海结婚 ?


3

原来,海就是那儿的街,街上有拱门跨越——

盖有屋顶的夏洛克桥 ,人们在那儿过狂欢节:

我从未离开过英国,但我仿佛看见了一切。


4

你是说:当五月海暖,青年人把春光尽情享受,

化装舞会半夜开始,狂欢直到正午方休,

然后又把明朝的新鲜玩艺筹谋,——是否,是否?


5

当时的仕女,是否圆圆的面颊、红红的樱唇,

她颈上的小脸,像花坛上的风铃草一样欢欣?

她的胸脯那么娇好丰满,会给谁人作枕?


6

是啊,他们是懂风雅的,当你坐在古钢琴前,

庄严地弹起托卡塔曲,他们是否会暂停交谈,——

她,咬着黑天鹅绒的假面具;他,抚摸着他的剑?


7

什么?小三度音 如泣如诉,减六度音 叹息不止,

他们懂吗?那些悬留音及其解决——“我们必须死?”

那些安慰性的七度音——“生命能持续!姑且一试!”


8

“你刚才幸福吗?”“幸福。”“现在幸福吗?”“幸福。你呢?”

“那么,再吻吻我!”“我何曾停过?千万次也不嫌多!”

听啊,“属音”执拗地持续着,直到你非回答不可! 


9

终于,一个八度音敲出了回答。他们哪能不赞赏?

“好样的加卢皮!这才叫音乐!慢板庄重,快板欢畅!

当我听大师演奏时,我能做到一句话都不讲!”


10

然后他们离开你,去寻欢作乐,直到时辰结束,

有的一生虚度,有的徒劳一阵,也于事无补,

死神默默到来,把他们带到永远不见天日之处。


11

而我呢,正当我坐下来推理,想从此矢志不移,

正当我胜利地从自然的封锁中挤出他的奥秘,

你进来了,带来冰冷的音乐,使我的神经战栗。


12

是的,你,像幽灵般的蟋蟀,鸣叫在废墟之间:

“尘与灰,死亡与终结,威尼斯花去威尼斯所赚。

灵魂无疑是不朽的——只要你有灵魂能被发现。


13

“譬如说你的灵魂吧,你懂物理,地质也不外行,

而数学是你的消遣。灵魂达到的高度不一样,

蝴蝶们恐惧绝灭,——而你呢,你却不可能死亡!


14

“至于威尼斯及其居民,注定要繁荣和没落,

‘欢乐’和‘愚蠢’是他们在这块土地上的收获。

待到亲吻不得不结束时,灵魂中还留下什么?


15

“尘与灰!”——你这样唧唧吟唱,而我却不忍心责备。

死去的美女多么可爱,披满酥胸的金发多么美,

而如今都已安在?我不禁感到了年岁的寒威。




Love in a Life


Room after room,

I hunt the house through

We inhabit together.

Heart, fear nothing, for, heart, thou shalt find her—

Next time, herself!—not the trouble behind her

Left in the curtain, the couch's perfume!

As she brushed it, the cornice-wreath blossomed anew:

Yon looking-glass gleamed at the wave of her feather.


Yet the day wears,

And door succeeds door;

I try the fresh fortune—

Range the wide house from the wing to the centre.

Still the same chance! she goes out as I enter.

Spend my whole day in the quest,—who cares?

But 'tis twilight, you see,—with such suites to explore,

Such closets to search, such alcoves to importune!




一生中的爱


一间又一间,

我把我俩同住的住宅

里外全搜遍。

心哪,不要怕,心,你马上会找到她,

找到她自己!而不是她刚走后

留给帘子的扰动,留给躺椅的香气!

经她刷过,帘顶的花边重又华丽鲜艳,

经她羽毛拂过,穿衣镜光洁耀眼。


一天又将尽,

一扇门又一扇门;

我再试试新运气——

巡视这深宅大院,从外向里。

结果仍是这么不凑巧——总是她出我进。

我整天都花在求索中,有谁过问?

看天色已晚,还有那么些套房要查探,

还有那么些密室和小间要搜寻!




Life in a Love


Escape me?

Never—

Beloved!

While I am I, and you are you,

So long as the world contains us both,

Me the loving and you the loth,

While the one eludes, must the other pursue.

My life is a fault at last, I fear:

It seems too much like a fate, indeed!

Though I do my best I shall scarce succeed.

But what if I fail of my purpose here?

It is but to keep the nerves at strain,

To dry one's eyes and laugh at a fall,

And, baffled, get up and begin again,—

So the chace takes up one's life, that's all.

While, look but once from your farthest bound

At me so deep in the dust and dark,

No sooner the old hope goes to ground

Than a new one, straight to the self-same mark,

I shape me—

Ever

Removed!




爱中的一生


逃避我吗?

不成。

我的爱人!

只要我是我,你是你,

只要世界包容着你我,

我一往情深而你却要躲,

我就必然要追寻不已。

我怕我的一生全是个错,

它看来简直太像命运,

哪怕我竭尽全力也难成。

但达不到目的也不算什么!

只不过是保持紧张的神经,

受了挫折,也就一笑置之,

摔了一跤,爬起来重新开始,

就让这追求占去我的一生。

只要你从远方回顾

望一眼黑暗中的我,

每当旧的希望失落,

新的希望立即把它填补,

但我注定

永远

难以接近!




The Last Ride Together


I

I said—Then, dearest, since 'tis so,

Since now at length my fate I know,

Since nothing all my love avails,

Since all, my life seemed meant for, fails,

Since this was written and needs must be—

My whole heart rises up to bless

Your name in pride and thankfulness!

Take back the hope you gave,—I claim

Only a memory of the same,

—And this beside, if you will not blame,

Your leave for one more last ride with me.


II

My mistress bent that brow of hers;

Those deep dark eyes where pride demurs

When pity would be softening through,

Fixed me a breathing-while or two

With life or death in the balance: right!

The blood replenished me again;

My last thought was at least not vain:

I and my mistress, side by side

Shall be together, breathe and ride,

So, one day more am I deified.

Who knows but the world may end to-night?


III

Hush! if you saw some western cloud

All billowy-bosomed, over-bowed

By many benedictions—sun's

And moon's and evening-star's at once—

And so, you, looking and loving best,

Conscious grew, your passion drew

Cloud, sunset, moonrise, star-shine too,

Down on you, near and yet more near,

Till flesh must fade for heaven was here!—

Thus leant she and lingered—joy and fear!

Thus lay she a moment on my breast.


IV

Then we began to ride. My soul

Smoothed itself out, a long-cramped scroll

Freshening and fluttering in the wind.

Past hopes already lay behind.

What need to strive with a life awry?

Had I said that, had I done this,

So might I gain, so might I miss.

Might she have loved me? just as well

She might have hated, who can tell!

Where had I been now if the worst befell?

And here we are riding, she and I.


V

Fail I alone, in words and deeds?

Why, all men strive and who succeeds?

We rode; it seemed my spirit flew,

Saw other regions, cities new,

As the world rushed by on either side.

I thought, —All labour, yet no less

Bear up beneath their unsuccess.

Look at the end of work, contrast

The petty done, the undone vast,

This present of theirs with the hopeful past!

I hoped she would love me; here we ride.


VI

What hand and brain went ever paired?

What heart alike conceived and dared?

What act proved all its thought had been?

What will but felt the fleshly screen?

We ride and I see her bosom heave.

There's many a crown for who can reach.

Ten lines, a statesman's life in each!

The flag stuck on a heap of bones,

A soldier's doing! what atones?

They scratch his name on the Abbey-stones.

My riding is better, by their leave.


VII

What does it all mean, poet? Well,

Your brains beat into rhythm, you tell

What we felt only; you expressed

You hold things beautiful the best,

And pace them in rhyme so, side by side.

'Tis something, nay 'tis much: but then,

Have you yourself what's best for men?

Are you—poor, sick, old ere your time—

Nearer one whit your own sublime

Than we who never have turned a rhyme?

Sing, riding's a joy! For me, I ride.


VIII

And you, great sculptor—so, you gave

A score of years to Art, her slave,

And that's your Venus, whence we turn

To yonder girl that fords the burn!

You acquiesce, and shall I repine?

What, man of music, you grown gray

With notes and nothing else to say,

Is this your sole praise from a friend,

"Greatly his opera's strains intend,

But in music we know how fashions end!"

I gave my youth: but we ride, in fine.


IX

Who knows what's fit for us? Had fate

Proposed bliss here should sublimate

My being—had I signed the bond—

Still one must lead some life beyond,

Have a bliss to die with, dim-descried.

This foot once planted on the goal,

This glory-garland round my soul,

Could I descry such? Try and test!

I sink back shuddering from the quest.

Earth being so good, would heaven seem best?

Now, heaven and she are beyond this ride.


X

And yet—she has not spoke so long!

What if heaven be that, fair and strong

At life's best, with our eyes upturned

Whither life's flower is first discerned,

We, fixed so, ever should so abide?

What if we still ride on, we two

With life for ever old yet new,

Changed not in kind but in degree,

The instant made eternity,—

And heaven just prove that I and she

Ride, ride together, for ever ride?




最后一次同乘


1

我说:那么,亲爱的,既然如此,

既然终于知道了我的命运,

既然我的全部爱情无济于事,

我视作生之意义的,已经落空,

既然无可挽回,一切注定——

我就集中全部心志,骄傲地

祝福和感谢你的芳名!

收回你给予我的希望吧,

我只要你保留同等的记忆,

再加上——如果你不见怪——

请同意与我最后一次同乘。


2

但见我的恋人皱着眉头,

深而黑的眼睛盯了我一歇。

生死双方在天平上争斗,

直到怜悯终于软化而妥协。

冲破了骄傲的迟疑不决,

我最后的念头毕竟没有落空,

我身上又重新充满热血:

我和我的恋人,肩并肩,

将一同骑行,一同呼吸,

这样,我面对挑战又一天。

谁保证世界今夜不会终结?


3

嘘!如果你看见一朵西方的云

胸怀浪涛滚滚,身负重荷——

满载着太阳月亮的祝福,

外加再载上黄昏的星辰——

只要你凝视它而且爱得深,

就会觉得你的一腔情热

吸引着云和星、日没与月升,

一齐向你降落,越来越近,

直到凡躯消失,天堂降临!——

她就这样俯身向我,在我胸口上

迟疑了一瞬——喜和惊的一瞬!


4

于是我们开始骑行。我的心——

痉挛的一卷心——把自己舒开,

抚平,迎着凉爽的清风飘拂,

过去的希冀都已留在背后,

何必竭力去强扭生活?

假设我说了那,假设我做了这,

我可能有所得,也可能有所失。

当初能使她爱我么?弄巧成拙,

她或许还会恨我,谁敢说!

弄到最糟时我岂能有今日?

而今日我们同乘——她与我。


5

唯独我失败吗,我的言和行?

可是大家奋斗,又有谁成功?

乘行中我的精神仿佛在飞翔,

看见陌生的地区、新的城,

世界在两侧飞速驶行。

我想:大家奋斗,但与我一样

也在不成功的重压下咬牙坚持。

看看工作的结果吧,比较一下

微小的成就与巨大的未成,

他们的现实与满怀希望的昔日!

我曾希望同心;而如今却同乘。


6

什么手和脑能完全匹配?

什么心能构思也敢于作为?

什么行动证实过全部预想?

什么心志不曾遇到身的屏障?

乘行中我见她胸口起伏微微。

有各种金冠供人们摘取。

十个政治家足有十种运道!

胜利的旗帜插于白骨一堆——

士兵的功绩!有何酬劳?

寺院墓园里姓名刻碑。

我的乘行要胜一筹,恕我冒昧。


7

诗人哪,这一切有何意义?不错,

你的头脑按节奏跳动,你说出

我们仅能隐隐感到的事情;

你表现你把美看作至善,

还把它全押上韵,极工整。

这真是本领,大本领!但是

你自己可曾享有人们的福气?

你自己——贫病交困,未老先衰,

比起我们从未做过诗的人

可有一丝更接近你的峰顶?

唱同乘之乐吧!所以,我乘行。


8

而你,雕塑大师,你为艺术

做奴仆,数十年如一日,

我们却情愿离开你的维纳斯,

回头看那边涉溪的村姑!

你已默认,我又何必抱怨?

咳,音乐家,你鬓发已灰白,

除了音符,你别无其他语言,

这是你朋友唯一的赞词么?——

“他的歌剧有宏大的抱负,

但我们知道,音乐的时尚常变!”

我付出青春;但我乘行,趁晴天。


9

谁知道什么是我们的福?假如

命中有现世的福使我的存在

升华,——假如我签过契约——

人终究要过来世生活,临死时

远远望见那极乐世界。

这脚,曾立足于实在的目标,

这花冠,曾在我灵魂上戴,

我能望见这些么?费疑猜!

我畏缩着后退,我不信赖。

地上这样美,天堂岂能超越?

现在,天堂和她都在乘行之外。


10

可是,她这么久都不发一言!

假如天堂就是:在生命之巅,

美而强,把我们的目光投向

初次发现生命之花的地方,

并让我们固定在这一瞬间?

假如就让我俩继续乘行,

让生命永远既老又新,

只有量变啊,没有质变,

让这一瞬间化作永恒,——

证明天堂就是我和她

永远同乘,同乘,同乘到永远?




Memorabilia


I

Ah, did you once see Shelley plain,

And did he stop and speak to you?

And did you speak to him again?

How strange it seems and new!


II

But you were living before that,

And also you are living after;

And the memory I started at—

My starting moves your laughter.


III

I crossed a moor, with a name of its own

And a certain use in the world no doubt,

Yet a hand's-breadth of it shines alone

'Mid the blank miles round about:


IV

For there I picked up on the heather

And there I put inside my breast

A moulted feather, an eagle-feather!

Well, I forget the rest.




难忘的记忆 


1

你是否有一次和雪莱见面?

他有没有站下来对你说话?

你又有没有同他对谈?

常新的记忆多么令人惊诧!


2

尽管在此之前就生活过,

在此之后生活也未终了,

我只对这段记忆感到惊愕,

我的惊愕却使人失笑。


3

我走过沼泽,它自有名字,

而且在世界上想必有用,

但我只见一寸闪光的土地

在数十里茫茫空阔之中,——


4

因为我在那儿石南丛间

拾到一根鸟羽——鹰之羽!

我把它珍藏在我的胸前,

于是,我就忘却了其余。




Andrea del Sarto

(Called "The Faultless Painter")


But do not let us quarrel any more,

No, my Lucrezia; bear with me for once:

Sit down and all shall happen as you wish.

You turn your face, but does it bring your heart?

I'll work then for your friend's friend, never fear,

Treat his own subject after his own way,

Fix his own time, accept too his own price,

And shut the money into this small hand

When next it takes mine. Will it? tenderly?

Oh, I'll content him, —but to-morrow, Love!

I often am much wearier than you think,

This evening more than usual, and it seems

As if—forgive now—should you let me sit

Here by the window with your hand in mine

And look a half-hour forth on Fiesole,

Both of one mind, as married people use,

Quietly, quietly the evening through,

I might get up to-morrow to my work

Cheerful and fresh as ever. Let us try.

To-morrow, how you shall be glad for this!

Your soft hand is a woman of itself,

And mine the man's bared breast she curls inside.

Don't count the time lost, neither; you must serve

For each of the five pictures we require:

It saves a model. So! keep looking so—

My serpentining beauty, rounds on rounds!

—How could you ever prick those perfect ears,

Even to put the pearl there! oh, so sweet—

My face, my moon, my everybody's moon,

Which everybody looks on and calls his,

And, I suppose, is looked on by in turn,

While she looks—no one's: very dear, no less.

You smile? why, there's my picture ready made,

There's what we painters call our harmony!

A common greyness silvers everything,—

All in a twilight, you and I alike

—You, at the point of your first pride in me

(That's gone you know),—but I, at every point;

My youth, my hope, my art, being all toned down

To yonder sober pleasant Fiesole.

There's the bell clinking from the chapel-top;

That length of convent-wall across the way

Holds the trees safer, huddled more inside;

The last monk leaves the garden; days decrease,

And autumn grows, autumn in everything.

Eh? the whole seems to fall into a shape

As if I saw alike my work and self

And all that I was born to be and do,

A twilight-piece. Love, we are in God's hand.

How strange now, looks the life he makes us lead;

So free we seem, so fettered fast we are!

I feel he laid the fetter: let it lie!

This chamber for example—turn your head—

All that's behind us! You don't understand

Nor care to understand about my art,

But you can hear at least when people speak:

And that cartoon, the second from the door

—It is the thing, Love! so such things should be—

Behold Madonna!—I am bold to say.

I can do with my pencil what I know,

What I see, what at bottom of my heart

I wish for, if I ever wish so deep—

Do easily, too—when I say, perfectly,

I do not boast, perhaps: yourself are judge,

Who listened to the Legate's talk last week,

And just as much they used to say in France.

At any rate 'tis easy, all of it!

No sketches first, no studies, that's long past:

I do what many dream of, all their lives,

—Dream? strive to do, and agonize to do,

And fail in doing. I could count twenty such

On twice your fingers, and not leave this town,

Who strive—you don't know how the others strive

To paint a little thing like that you smeared

Carelessly passing with your robes afloat,—

Yet do much less, so much less, Someone says,

(I know his name, no matter)—so much less!

Well, less is more, Lucrezia: I am judged.

There burns a truer light of God in them,

In their vexed beating stuffed and stopped-up brain,

Heart, or whate'er else, than goes on to prompt

This low-pulsed forthright craftsman's hand of mine.

Their works drop groundward, but themselves, I know,

Reach many a time a heaven that's shut to me,

Enter and take their place there sure enough,

Though they come back and cannot tell the world.

My works are nearer heaven, but I sit here.

The sudden blood of these men! at a word—

Praise them, it boils, or blame them, it boils too.

I, painting from myself and to myself,

Know what I do, am unmoved by men's blame

Or their praise either. Somebody remarks

Morello's outline there is wrongly traced,

His hue mistaken; what of that? or else,

Rightly traced and well ordered; what of that?

Speak as they please, what does the mountain care?

Ah, but a man's reach should exceed his grasp,

Or what's a heaven for? All is silver-grey,

Placid and perfect with my art: the worse!

I know both what I want and what might gain,

And yet how profitless to know, to sigh

"Had I been two, another and myself,

Our head would have o'erlooked the world!" No doubt.

Yonder's a work now, of that famous youth

The Urbinate who died five years ago.

('Tis copied, George Vasari sent it me.)

Well, I can fancy how he did it all,

Pouring his soul, with kings and popes to see,

Reaching, that heaven might so replenish him,

Above and through his art—for it gives way;

That arm is wrongly put—and there again—

A fault to pardon in the drawing's lines,

Its body, so to speak: its soul is right,

He means right—that, a child may understand.

Still, what an arm! and I could alter it:

But all the play, the insight and the stretch—

(Out of me, out of me! And wherefore out?

Had you enjoined them on me, given me soul,

We might have risen to Rafael, I and you!

Nay, Love, you did give all I asked, I think—

More than I merit, yes, by many times.

But had you—oh, with the same perfect brow,

And perfect eyes, and more than perfect mouth,

And the low voice my soul hears, as a bird

The fowler's pipe, and follows to the snare—

Had you, with these the same, but brought a mind!

Some women do so. Had the mouth there urged

"God and the glory! never care for gain.

The present by the future, what is that?

Live for fame, side by side with Agnolo!

Rafael is waiting: up to God, all three!”

I might have done it for you. So it seems:

Perhaps not. All is as God over-rules.

Beside, incentives come from the soul's self;

The rest avail not. Why do I need you?

What wife had Rafael, or has Agnolo?

In this world, who can do a thing, will not;

And who would do it, cannot, I perceive:

Yet the will's somewhat—somewhat, too, the power—

And thus we half-men struggle. At the end,

God, I conclude, compensates, punishes.

'Tis safer for me, if the award be strict,

That I am something underrated here,

Poor this long while, despised, to speak the truth.

I dared not, do you know, leave home all day,

For fear of chancing on the Paris lords.

The best is when they pass and look aside;

But they speak sometimes; I must bear it all.

Well may they speak! That Francis, that first time,

And that long festal year at Fontainebleau!

I surely then could sometimes leave the ground,

Put on the glory, Rafael's daily wear,

In that humane great monarch's golden look,—

One finger in his beard or twisted curl

Over his mouth's good mark that made the smile,

One arm about my shoulder, round my neck,

The jingle of his gold chain in my ear,

I painting proudly with his breath on me,

All his court round him, seeing with his eyes,

Such frank French eyes, and such a fire of souls

Profuse, my hand kept plying by those hearts,—

And, best of all, this, this, this face beyond,

This in the background, waiting on my work,

To crown the issue with a last reward!

A good time, was it not, my kingly days?

And had you not grown restless...but I know—

'Tis done and past; 'twas right, my instinct said;

Too live the life grew, golden and not grey,

And I'm the weak-eyed bat no sun should tempt

Out of the grange whose four walls make his world.

How could it end in any other way?

You called me, and I came home to your heart.

The triumph was—to reach and stay there; since

I reached it ere the triumph, what is lost?

Let my hands frame your face in your hair's gold,

You beautiful Lucrezia that are mine!

"Rafael did this, Andrea painted that;

The Roman's is the better when you pray,

But still the other's Virgin was his wife—”

Men will excuse me. I am glad to judge

Both pictures in your presence; clearer grows

My better fortune, I resolve to think.

For, do you know, Lucrezia, as God lives,

Said one day Agnolo, his very self,

To Rafael...I have known it all these years...

(When the young man was flaming out his thoughts

Upon a palace-wall for Rome to see,

Too lifted up in heart because of it)

"Friend, there's a certain sorry little scrub

Goes up and down our Florence, none cares how,

Who, were he set to plan and execute

As you are, pricked on by your popes and kings,

Would bring the sweat into that brow of yours!”

To Rafael's!—And indeed the arm is wrong.

I hardly dare...yet, only you to see,

Give the chalk here—quick, thus, the line should go!

Ay, but the soul! he's Rafael! rub it out!

Still, all I care for, if he spoke the truth,

(What he? why, who but Michel Agnolo?

Do you forget already words like those?)

If really there was such a chance, so lost,—

Is, whether you're—not grateful—but more pleased.

Well, let me think so. And you smile indeed!

This hour has been an hour! Another smile?

If you would sit thus by me every night

I should work better, do you comprehend?

I mean that I should earn more, give you more.

See, it is settled dusk now; there's a star;

Morello's gone, the watch-lights show the wall,

The cue-owls speak the name we call them by.

Come from the window, love,—come in, at last,

Inside the melancholy little house

We built to be so gay with. God is just.

King Francis may forgive me: oft at nights

When I look up from painting, eyes tired out,

The walls become illumined, brick from brick

Distinct, instead of mortar, fierce bright gold,

That gold of his I did cement them with!

Let us but love each other. Must you go?

That Cousin here again? he waits outside?

Must see you—you, and not with me? Those loans?

More gaming debts to pay? you smiled for that?

Well, let smiles buy me! have you more to spend?

While hand and eye and something of a heart

Are left me, work's my ware, and what's it worth?

I'll pay my fancy. Only let me sit

The grey remainder of the evening out,

Idle, you call it, and muse perfectly

How I could paint, were I but back in France,

One picture, just one more—the Virgin's face,

Not yours this time! I want you at my side

To hear them—that is, Michel Agnolo—

Judge all I do and tell you of its worth.

Will you? To-morrow, satisfy your friend.

I take the subjects for his corridor,

Finish the portrait out of hand—there, there,

And throw him in another thing or two

If he demurs; the whole should prove enough

To pay for this same Cousin's freak. Beside,

What's better and what's all I care about,

Get you the thirteen scudi for the ruff!

Love, does that please you? Ah, but what does he,

The Cousin! what does he to please you more?


I am grown peaceful as old age to-night.

I regret little, I would change still less.

Since there my past life lies, why alter it?

The very wrong to Francis! —it is true

I took his coin, was tempted and complied,

And built this house and sinned, and all is said.

My father and my mother died of want.

Well, had I riches of my own? you see

How one gets rich! Let each one bear his lot.

They were born poor, lived poor, and poor they died:

And I have laboured somewhat in my time

And not been paid profusely. Some good son

Paint my two hundred pictures—let him try!

No doubt, there's something strikes a balance. Yes,

You loved me quite enough, it seems to-night.

This must suffice me here. What would one have?

In heaven, perhaps, new chances, one more chance—

Four great walls in the New Jerusalem,

Meted on each side by the angel's reed,

For Leonard, Rafael, Agnolo and me

To cover—the three first without a wife,

While I have mine! So—still they overcome

Because there's still Lucrezia, —as I choose.


Again the Cousin's whistle! Go, my Love.



安德烈,裁缝之子 

(他被称为“完美无瑕的画家” )


不过让咱俩别再吵嘴了吧,

我的露克蕾吉亚 ,这一次请你容忍,

坐下吧,一切都会使你如愿的。

你转过脸来了,心是否转过来呢?

我将为你的朋友的朋友工作,别担心,

就依他的题目,依他的方式,

依他的期限,也依他的价钱,

等你下次握住我的手时(温柔些?)

我一定把钱放进你的手心。

哦,我会满足他,——等明天,我的爱!

我常常比你想象的更加疲倦,

特别是今天晚上,看起来似乎——

请你原谅——只要你能让我

握住你的手坐在这扇窗口,

遥望菲索勒 半个小时之久,

像伉俪们通常那样心心相印,

静静地、静静地度过整个黄昏,

那么我明天又会生气蓬勃,

起来做我的工作。让我们试试。

明天你准会为此而感到高兴!

你柔软的小手本身是个女人,

而我的手是男子赤裸的胸膛,——

就让她这样蜷伏在我的手心。 

别以为这是浪费时间,你必须

为我们所需的五幅画服务,

这就可省掉模特儿。对,就保持

这模样,我的盘旋缠绕的蛇美人!

——你怎么能扎穿如此美好的耳朵,

哪怕是为了戴珍珠?啊,这么甜美——

我的明月——我的人人与共的明月,

人人观赏并称之为自己的,

但我猜想是大家轮流观赏的,

瞧她顾盼四方,不属于谁,

却并不疏远,仍是那么亲切!

你笑了?这真是我现成的画幅,

这就是我们画家所说的和谐!

一片浅灰把万物化成了银色, 

一切都沉入了黄昏,你我都一样,——

在你,是你最初为我感到的骄傲

(如今已经消逝);在我,则是一切——

我的青春、希望和艺术,全部

溶入了远方菲索勒柔和的暗色。

礼拜堂的钟楼上晚钟丁当,

路对面修道院的一段围墙

紧围着树木,最后一个修道士

离开了庭园;白昼日渐缩短

而秋露渐浓,秋意浸透了万物。

不是吗?一切都似乎陷入了朦胧,

就像我眼中我的工作和自身,

就像我注定的一生事业和生命,——

一幅黄昏图!爱人啊,我们在上帝掌中。

他叫我们过的生活多奇怪呀!

我们貌似自由,实则镣铐紧锁!

我感到他锁住我。就让他锁吧!

比如说这房间——请转回头来

看看后面的一切!你不懂得

而且也不愿懂得我的艺术,

但是你起码能听到人们的评论,

看那幅壁画草图,门口第二幅,

——那真是杰作呢,亲爱的!瞧这圣母,

我敢大胆地说:就该这样画! 

我能用笔画出我所知道的,

我所看见的,我在心底追求的,

(只要我能有这样深远的追求!)

而且画得轻易,甚至可说是完美,

这大概不算夸口,你自己能判断,——

你上周听过教皇特使的评语,

在法国,我也受过同样的赞誉。

无论如何,这一切都很轻易,

我不必画习作,也不必打草稿,——

我所做的是许多人毕生的梦想,

岂止梦想?他们痛苦挣扎,追求,

而终于失败!掰你的手指数两遍,

我能数出二十个这样的人,

而且不出这个城!他们在奋斗——

你想象不出别人在如何苦斗,

力求画出一件小小的作品,

就像你刚才不经心地走过时

飘拂的长袍擦糊的那一幅一样,——

而他们追求的目标比这还低,

有人说(我知道他的名字,不必提),

低得多啊!可是,露克蕾吉亚,

低就是高,我躲不掉评判。

在他们焦急的搏动的充塞的脑中、

心中、到处,有一种更真挚的

神的灵光在燃烧,胜过了激发我

这只脉搏低微的巧匠的手。

他们的作品落地,可他们自己呢,

我知道他们已有好多次达到了

一个对我关闭的天国,确确实实,

他们进了门,找到了位置,

尽管回来时不能对这世界说。

我的画更接近天,我却坐在此地。

这些人的血气盛,或褒或贬,

一个字就足以使他们热血沸腾。

而我却从自己出发,归到自己,

画我自己的,对人们的褒贬

我一概无动于衷。有人觉得

莫雷洛山 的轮廓似乎勾错了,

色彩也弄错了,那又怎么的?

或者说它准确匀称,那又怎样?

随人怎么说,山根本不予理会!

可是人的“企及”要超过他的“把握”,

否则何必要天国?一切都是银灰,

我的画宁静而完美,——这却不妙!

我知道我的缺陷和我的潜力,

可是我只能发出无谓的叹息:

“只要我是两人——自我和另一人,

那我们一定能俯视全世界!”一定!

那边有幅画,是乌尔比诺地方

著名的青年 画的,他五年前死了。

(这幅画是瓦萨里 送给我的临摹品。)

我能想象他如何画成此画,

国王们、教皇们看着他,他倾注灵魂,

他企及高处,他为天让路,让天

超过和通过他的艺术予以补足。

那条臂膀画错了,还有些错处,

线条上有些可以原谅的瑕疵,

形体有缺陷,而灵魂却正确,

连孩童都明白,他有正确的立意。

不过那臂膀真糟糕,而我能修正它,

可是我的全部活力、眼力和魄力

离开了我,离开了我!为什么?

如果你命我达到这一切,赋予我灵魂,

咱俩本来能升到拉斐尔的水平。

不错,我所要求的你都给了我,

我想,比我应得的还多得多。

可是除了你完美无瑕的眉,

完美的眼,比完美更完美的嘴,

以及我灵魂听到的柔和的声音

(像小鸟听到捕鸟人的笛音

并随之走进陷阱),除了这一切,

你能不能再增添一样——心灵?

有些女性能!只要你怂恿一声:

“追求上帝与光荣,别追求金钱!

用未来衡量现在,金钱值什么?

为名誉而生吧,与米开朗琪罗并肩!

拉斐尔等着呢:三人一同升向上帝!”

我本可以做到的,只要是为了你!

但也许,上帝的安排无法改变,

况且,动因来自灵魂本身,

其他都无补于事。我为何需要你?

拉斐尔、米开朗琪罗哪有妻室?

我明白,在此人世间总是如此——

能者不愿,而愿者不能;尽管

意志和能力各自平分秋色,

我们——“半人”们就这样挣扎不息。

我估计上帝最终会补偿,会惩罚,

如果他裁决严明,对我倒更保险,

因为我在这儿总有点受人轻视,

说实话,这些年来都遭到贬斥。

你可知道,我不敢离家太久,

怕的是遇见那些巴黎贵族。

他们走过时扭转头去倒好,

但有时我只得忍受他们的挖苦。

他们自有话说!那法王的盛情,

那枫丹白露长年的歌舞宴饮!

当年,我有时的确能飞离地面,

穿一身荣光——拉斐尔的日常服装,

在亲切而伟大的君王御前,——

陛下嘴边露出优雅的笑容,

一个手指放在捻起的胡髭中,

一只手搭着我的肩,围着我的颈,

他的金链就在我耳畔丁当,

我就在他的呼吸下骄傲地作画,

他的全部朝臣簇拥着他,

用他的眼睛看——那些真挚的

法国眼睛,那慷慨的灵魂之火,

紧挨着那些心,我的手辛劳不休;

但最好的是这张脸,这张脸哪,

在远处,在背后伴随我的工作,

给我的成果以最后、最高的报酬!

那真是好时光,君王般的日子!

要不是你越来越焦躁不安…… 

但我知道,这都已成为过去,

我的直觉告诉我:这样是对的。

生活太鲜艳了,金色代替了灰色,

而我却是只蝙蝠,视力微弱,

谷仓的四壁构成了它的世界,

太阳岂能诱它飞出仓外?

事情不可能有别的结局,——

你呼唤我,我就回到你的心边。

在这儿找到归宿就是凯旋,

那么,我在凯旋前到达这儿,

又有何损失可言?让我用双手

把你的脸镶在鬈发的黄金中间,

你是我的!美丽的露克蕾吉亚!

人们会原谅我的:“拉斐尔画了这,

安德烈画了那。在做祷告的时候

拉斐尔的圣母更好;可是要知道,

另一位画的圣母是他的妻子呀!”

我高兴当你面评论这两幅作品,

我确信,我的运气占了上风。

因为,你可知道,露克蕾吉亚,

千真万确:有一天米开朗琪罗

确曾亲口对拉斐尔说过

(当时这年轻人正把思想之火

喷在宫墙上,给整个罗马欣赏,

心情正为这幅画过分飞扬),

我早就知道他说过这样的话:

“老弟,有一个可怜的小伙计

在我们佛罗伦萨游荡,无人注意。

如果把他放在你的位置上,

受教皇和国王鞭策,而大展宏图,

他准会使你汗颜!”——使拉斐尔汗颜!

真的,那条臂膀画得不对, 

我不大敢……不过,只改给你看,

给我粉笔——快!线条该这样走!

唉,但是灵魂呢?他是拉斐尔呀!

把这擦掉!——如果他说的是实,

(哪个他?就是米开朗琪罗呀,

我刚说的,你就忘记了吗?)

如果我当真错失了这样的机会,

我关心的也仅仅是:你是否

更加高兴,——尽管你不会感激。

就让我这样想吧。你真的微笑了!

这一个小时真值得!再笑一回吧?

如果你肯这样每夜坐在我身边,

我准会画得更好,你理解么?

我的意思是我会赚更多的钱给你。

瞧,暮色已经苍茫,亮了一颗星,

山梁已不见,更灯照出了墙影,

枭鸟发出了“叽呜叽呜”的啸鸣。

离开这窗边吧,爱人,请你终于

进入这所咱俩为欢乐而建的

忧郁的小屋吧。上帝是公正的。

请弗朗索瓦王原谅!——每当夜间

我作画过度疲劳而抬眼凝望,

四壁都会发光,所有的砖缝里

不见灰泥,只见我砌这房子

花掉的法王的黄金光芒夺目!

只要我们能相爱……你一定得走吗?

那个表哥又来了?他在外面等?

非见不可——见你不见我?债务?

又添了赌债?你刚才微笑是为这?

好吧,一笑千金哪!你还能再给吗?

当我还有手,有眼,和一点儿心,

工作是我的商品,但能值几文?

我将为我的幻想付钱,只要让我

坐完这个傍晚的灰色的残余,

如你所说偷点儿闲,并且沉思:

要是我回到法国,我将怎样

画一幅画——只画一幅圣母像,

这次画的不是你!我要在你身边

听听他们——我是说听米开朗琪罗

评价我的作品,告诉你它的价值。

你愿吗?明天我满足你的朋友。

就画他走廊里所需要的题材,

肖像画马上完成,——好了,好了,

如果他嫌少,再给他加一两件

作为添头,加起来我看足够

为这表哥的赌瘾还债。此外,

更好的是,我所关心的也只是:

为你赚十三块银币买一个花皱领!

我爱,这使你高兴吗?可是他——这表哥!

——他做了什么事使你更高兴呢?


我今夜进入了暮年似的平静。

我很少遗憾,更缺少改变的意愿。

既往如是,又何必把它改变?

我对不起弗朗索瓦!——这是事实,

我挪用他的钱,受诱惑听从了你,

盖这房子是我之罪,事已至此。

我父亲和我母亲都死于穷困。

但我发了财吗?如你所看到的,

人哪里能发财!让各人承担命运吧。

他们生来穷,活得穷,也死得穷,

我在我的时辰里没少干活,

也没得丰厚的报酬。哪个孝顺儿子

想画我这两百幅画——叫他试试!

无疑的,有种力量在维持着平衡。

看来,今夜你爱我爱得够多了。

在人间,我该满足了。人能得到什么?

在天上,也许还能得到新机会——

再一次机会:天堂有四面巨墙,

天使用天尺量出,分布四方,

让达·芬奇、拉斐尔、米开朗琪罗与我

画上壁画。——前三人都没有妻室,

唯独我有!所以他们仍将获胜,

因为即便到了天堂,仍将有

露克蕾吉亚——这是我的选择。


表哥又吹口哨了!去吧,我的爱。




Two in the Campagna


I

I wonder do you feel to-day

As I have felt since, hand in hand,

We sat down on the grass, to stray

In spirit better through the land,

This morn of Rome and May?


II

For me, I touched a thought, I know,

Has tantalized me many times,

(Like turns of thread the spiders throw

Mocking across our path) for rhymes

To catch at and let go.


III

Help me to hold it! First it left

The yellowing fennel, run to seed

There, branching from the brickwork's cleft,

Some old tomb's ruin: yonder weed

Took up the floating weft,


IV

Where one small orange cup amassed

Five beetles,—blind and green they grope

Among the honey-meal: and last,

Everywhere on the grassy slope

I traced it. Hold it fast!


V

The champaign with its endless fleece

Of feathery grasses everywhere!

Silence and passion, joy and peace,

An everlasting wash of air—

Rome's ghost since her decease.


VI

Such life here, through such lengths of hours,

Such miracles performed in play,

Such primal naked forms of flowers,

Such letting nature have her way

While heaven looks from its towers!


VII

How say you? Let us, O my dove,

Let us be unashamed of soul,

As earth lies bare to heaven above!

How is it under our control

To love or not to love?


VIII

I would that you were all to me,

You that are just so much, no more.

Nor yours nor mine, nor slave nor free!

Where does the fault lie? What the core

O'the wound, since wound must be?


IX

I would I could adopt your will,

See with your eyes, and set my heart

Beating by yours, and drink my fill

At your soul's springs,—your part my part

In life, for good and ill.


X

No. I yearn upward, touch you close,

Then stand away. I kiss your cheek,

Catch your soul's warmth,—I pluck the rose

And love it more than tongue can speak—

Then the good minute goes.


XI

Already how am I so far

Our of that minute? Must I go

Still like the thistle-ball, no bar,

Onward, whenever light winds blow,

Fixed by no friendly star?


XII

Just when I seemed about to learn!

Where is the thread now? Off again!

The old trick! Only I discern—

Infinite passion, and the pain

Of finite hearts that yearn.




荒郊情侣


1

不知你今天是否也感到

我所感到的心情,——当我们

在此罗马的五月的清早

携手同坐在春草碧茵,

神游这辽阔的荒郊 ?


2

而我呢,我触及了一缕游思,

它老是让我徒劳地追求,

(就像蜘蛛抛出的游丝

横在路上把我们挑逗,)

诗刚捉到它,转瞬又丢失!


3

帮我捕捉它吧!起初它

从长在古墓砖缝里的

那株发黄结籽的茴香出发,

而对面那丛杂草蒺藜

接过了飘浮的柔网轻纱,——


4

那儿有朵小小的橙子花杯,

招惹来五只盲目的绿色甲虫

在花蜜的美餐中陶醉;

末了,我又在草坡上把它追踪,

抓住它吧,别让它飞!


5

毛茸茸的草毯茂密如云,

铺遍荒野,不见尽头。

静寂与激情,欢乐与安宁,

还有永远不停的空气之流——

啊,古罗马死后的幽灵!


6

这儿,生命是如此悠久辽阔,

上演着如此神奇的活剧,

花儿的形象如此原始而赤裸,

大自然是如此随心之所欲,

而上天只在高塔上看着!


7

你呢,你怎么说,我的爱人?

让我们别为灵魂而害羞,

正如大地赤裸着面向天空!

难道说,决定爱与否,

全在我们的掌握之中?


8

我但愿你就是我的一切,

而你却只是你,毫不更多。

既非奴隶又非自由者,

既不属于你又不属于我!

错在哪里?何处是缺陷的症结?


9

我但愿能接受你的意愿,

用你的眼睛看,让我的心

永远跳动在你的心边,

愿在你的心泉尽情地饮,

把命运融合为一,不管是苦是甜。


10

不。我仰慕、我紧密地接触你,

然后就让开。我吻你的脸,

捕捉你心灵的热气,我摘取

玫瑰花,爱它胜过一切语言,

于是美好的一分钟已逝去。


11

为什么我离那一分钟

已这样远?难道我不得不

被一阵阵轻风吹送,

像蓟花绒球般飘扬四处,

没有一颗友爱的星可以依从?


12

看来我似乎马上就要领悟!

可是,丝在何处?它又已飞去!

老是捉弄人!只是我已辨出——

无限的情,与一颗渴求着的

有限的心的痛苦。




A Grammarian's Funeral


Shortly after the Revival of learning in Europe


Let us begin and carry up this corpse,

Singing together.

Leave we the common crofts, the vulgar thorpes

Each in its tether

Sleeping safe on the bosom of the plain,

Cared-for till cock-crow:

Look out if yonder be not day again

Rimming the rock-row!

That's the appropriate country; there, man's thought,

Rarer, intenser,

Self-gathered for an outbreak, as it ought,

Chafes in the censer.

Leave we the unlettered plain its herd and crop;

Seek we sepulture

On a tall mountain, citied to the top,

Crowded with culture!

All the peaks soar, but one the rest excels;

Clouds overcome it;

No! yonder sparkle is the citadel's

Circling its summit.

Thither our path lies; wind we up the heights:

Wait ye the warning?

Our low life was the level's and the night's;

He's for the morning.

Step to a tune, square chests, erect each head,

'Ware the beholders!

This is our master, famous calm and dead,

Borne on our shoulders.


Sleep, crop and herd! sleep, darkling thorpe and croft,

Safe from the weather!

He, whom we convoy to his grave aloft,

Singing together,

He was a man born with thy face and throat,

Lyric Apollo!

Long he lived nameless: how should spring take note

Winter would follow?

Till lo, the little touch, and youth was gone!

Cramped and diminished,

Moaned he, "New measures, other feet anon!

My dance is finished?"

No, that's the world's way: (keep the mountain-side,

Make for the city!)

He knew the signal, and stepped on with pride

Over men's pity;

Left play for work, and grappled with the world

Bent on escaping:

"What's in the scroll," quoth he, "thou keepst furled?

Show me their shaping,

Theirs who most studied man, the bard and sage,—

Give!" —So, he gowned him,

Straight got by heart that book to its last page:

Learned, we found him.

Yea, but we found him bald too, eyes like lead,

Accents uncertain:

"Time to taste life," another would have said,

"Up with the curtain!"

This man said rather, "Actual life comes next?

Patience a moment!

Grant I have mastered learning's crabbed text,

Still there's the comment.

Let me know all! Prate not of most or least,

Painful or easy!

Even to the crumbs I'd fain eat up the feast,

Ay, nor feel queasy."

Oh, such a life as he resolved to live,

When he had learned it,

When he had gathered all books had to give!

Sooner, he spurned it.

Image the whole, then execute the parts—

Fancy the fabric

Quite, ere you build, ere steel strike fire from quartz,

Ere mortar dab brick!


(Here's the town-gate reached: there's the market-place

Gaping before us.)

Yea, this in him was the peculiar grace

(Hearten our chorus!)

That before living he'd learn how to live—

No end to learning:

Earn the means first—God surely will contrive

Use for our earning.

Others mistrust and say, "But time escapes:

Live now or never!”

He said, "What's time? Leave Now for dogs and apes!

Man has Forever.”

Back to his book then: deeper drooped his head:

Calculus racked him:

Leaden before, his eyes grew dross of lead:

Tussis attacked him.

"Now, master, take a little rest!"—not he!

(Caution redoubled,

Step two abreast, the way winds narrowly!)

Not a whit troubled

Back to his studies, fresher than at first,

Fierce as a dragon

He (soul-hydroptic with a sacred thirst)

Sucked at the flagon.

Oh, if we draw a circle premature,

Heedless of far gain,

Greedy for quick returns of profit, sure

Bad is our bargain!

Was it not great? did not he throw on God,

(He loves the burthen)—

God's task to make the heavenly period

Perfect the earthen?

Did not he magnify the mind, show clear

Just what it all meant?

He would not discount life, as fools do here,

Paid by instalment.

He ventured neck or nothing—heaven's success

Found, or earth's failure:

"Wilt thou trust death or not?" He answered "Yes:

Hence with life's pale lure!"

That low man seeks a little thing to do,

Sees it and does it:

This high man, with a great thing to pursue,

Dies ere he knows it.

That low man goes on adding one to one,

His hundred's soon hit:

This high man, aiming at a million,

Misses an unit.

That, has the world here—should he need the next,

Let the world mind him!

This, throws himself on God, and unperplexed

Seeking shall find him.

So, with the throttling hands of death at strife,

Ground he at grammar;

Still, thro'the rattle, parts of speech were rife:

While he could stammer

He settled Hoti's business—let it be!—

Properly based Oun —

Gave us the doctrine of the enclitic De ,

Dead from the waist down.

Well, here's the platform, here's the proper place:

Hail to your purlieus,

All ye highfliers of the feathered race,

Swallows and curlews!

Here's the top-peak; the multitude below

Live, for they can, there:

This man decided not to Live but Know—

Bury this man there?

Here—here's his place, where meteors shoot, clouds form,

Lightnings are loosened,

Stars come and go! Let joy break with the storm,

Peace let the dew send!

Lofty designs must close in like effects:

Loftily lying,

Leave him—still loftier than the world suspects,

Living and dying.




语法学家的葬礼


欧洲学术复兴开始后不久


让我们齐唱一曲送葬的号子,

抬起他的遗体,

离开这些粗俗的、篱笆围困的

村庄和园子地,——

雄鸡未打鸣,在平原怀抱中

村庄正睡得安心;

注意望远方的昼光,是否已经

给石山山脊镀金!

那儿是合适之乡,那儿人的思想

更奇妙也更浓,

像在香炉里翻腾,积蓄着力量,

准备爆发迸涌。

让我们把牲畜和庄稼留给这片

没文化的平原,

在山巅找墓地!那是文化之城——

高处文化烂漫。

群峰耸立,而一峰在群峰之上,

云霞为其冠冕;

呵,不!这是那城堡发出霞光,

围绕它的峰巅。

我们走向那儿,盘绕层层山岳,

起步了,伙伴们!

我们的低级生活属于平地和黑夜,

而他追求着早晨。

当心那些旁观者!昂起头,挺起胸,

步子要迈整齐!

我们抬的是导师,他天下闻名,

而如今他已安息。


牲畜和庄稼,村庄和园子,睡吧,

不愁风雨天气。

而他,我们齐声合唱护送的他——

(送往他的墓地)

他是一个人,容貌和嗓音堪比

阿波罗——诗之神!

可他多年默默无闻,没注意

冬天取代了春!

轻轻一触,而青春已经逝去,

换来老态龙钟,

他长叹道:“难道就此换了旋律?

我的舞已告终?”

不!那只是常规世道,(沿山边绕,

向那座城前进!)

而他察觉衰老,却更傲然前行,

越过人们的怜悯;

放弃休闲,埋头苦学,拼全力对付

逃逸而去的世界;

“你的卷轴里藏着什么?让我读读

大手笔的描写,

把知人最深的吟游诗人和圣贤

都给我!”他说。

待到他整卷谙熟于心,我们发现:

他已成了学者。

但同时他也已秃顶,目光如铅,

吐字已不清爽。

换了别人就会说:“该享受生活了,

赶紧推开寒窗!”

这位却说:“轮到现实生活了么?

耐心再稍等片时!

纵然我已把艰涩难辨的本文掌握,

但是还剩下注释。

让我知道一切!无须谈多少、得失、

轻松或是痛苦!

我愿吃完这筵席,直到每粒残屑,

而不感到餍足。”

呵!他决定:在开始生活前必须

把一切先学过!

先汇集书本的一切精华!这等于

决心弃绝生活。

先要把握全盘,才能把局部实行;

未完成设计之前,

岂能用钢凿敲出石英的火星?

岂能用砂浆砌砖?


(我们已到城门,敞开在面前的

是集市的市场。)

是的,这正是他为人的独特魅力:

(听我们的合唱!)

在生活之前,先要学习如何生活,——

而学习永不止步;

先获得手段,有什么用?上帝自会

安排它的用途!

别人才不信这套呢:“今宵永不再!

要明白岁月无情!”

他答道:“让狗们猿们抓住现在!

人却拥有永恒。”

说完又回到书堆里埋头工作。

结石把他折磨,

他眼睛变成了熔铅的浮渣色,

外加阵阵寒咳。

“稍微歇会儿吧,老师!”他不睬!

(伙伴,再次起步!

俩人一排,走齐了步,山路很窄!)

他可毫不在乎,

他重返研究,以更充沛的精力,

一如生龙活虎,

他的灵魂在神圣的饥渴中吮吸

满满的知识之壶。

假如画个近视的圈,把远期利益

都排除在圈外,

而只贪求眼前实利,那么显然,

这是赔钱买卖!

不伟大吗?他把其余交给上帝去做

(他自甘承担重负):

以“天上的生”来完善“地上的生”——

这是上帝的任务。

他夸大了心智,他要清晰地显示

心智意味着什么。

他不愿学愚人们所为——折扣贴现,

分期预支生活。

他孤注一掷,他获得了天上的成功

或地上的失败,

“你相信死亡吗?”“我信!但把生活的

小小诱惑拿开!”

俗人寻求的是做点区区琐事——

看得到他的成绩;

这位高人追求的是伟大事业——

而至死未穷其理。

俗人日复一日,不断地“一加一”,

很快有一百累积;

这位高人却将目标定在百万,

结果却错失了“一”。

俗人拥有现世,假如他需要来世,

唯有靠现世关照!

而高人托付给上帝,不惑的寻找

必将把他找到。

当死神的手已扼住他的喉咙,

他仍为语法刻苦,

在他上气不接下气的咕噜中

词类成了遗嘱。——

他给我们理清了Hoti的用途,

为Oun奠定基础,

他给我们定下轻音De的规则, 

而他已半身麻木……

好吧,这儿是一块平台,这儿最好!

向此地表示敬意!

这是羽族的高飞者——燕子和鹬鸟

喜爱盘旋之地!

这儿是峰顶,下面的芸芸众生

只能活在下方;

此人却决定以求知代求生,他

岂能在下方安葬?

这才是他的位置:这儿陨星疾射,

闪电爆裂,云生成,

星宿来往,暴风雨迸发出欢乐,

露水带来和平!

崇高的志向必须有相应的效果——

让他在此安葬,

让他在俗世料想不到的高处

生活,和死亡。




Confessions


What is he buzzing in my ears?

"Now that I come to die,

Do I view the world as a vale of tears?"

Ah, reverend sir, not I!


What I viewed there once, what I view again

Where the physic bottles stand

On the table's edge, —is a suburb lane,

With a wall to my bedside hand.


That lane sloped, much as the bottles do,

From a house you could descry

O'er the garden-wall: is the curtain blue

Or green to a healthy eye?


To mine, it serves for the old June weather

Blue above lane and wall;

And that farthest bottle labelled "Ether"

Is the house o'ertopping all.


At a terrace, somewhere near the stopper,

There watched for me, one June,

A girl: I know, sir, it's improper,

My poor mind's out of tune.


Only, there was a way...you crept

Close by the side, to dodge

Eyes in the house, two eyes except:

They styled their house "The Lodge."


What right had a lounger up their lane?

But, by creeping very close,

With the good wall's help,—their eyes might strain

And stretch themselves to Oes,


Yet never catch her and me together,

As she left the attic, there,

By the rim of the bottle labelled "Ether,"

And stole from stair to stair,


And stood by the rose-wreathed gate. Alas,

We loved, sir—used to meet:

How sad and bad and mad it was—

But then, how it was sweet!




忏悔


他尽在我耳边唠叨些什么?

“在此告别人世之时,

我是否看透了人世是泪之国?”

啊,牧师先生,并非如此!


我从前见到的,如今又在眼前,——

瞧这排药瓶在桌子边

排成一行,那是一条郊区小巷,

还有一堵墙在我床边。


那条巷是斜坡,像这排药瓶似的,

坡顶有座楼,请你望过去,

就在花园墙后,……在健康的眼里,

这帘子是蓝还是绿?


在我眼中,它就是当年的六月天,

一片蔚蓝笼罩小巷和墙,

最远的那个瓶子,贴着“醚” 的标签,

就是那高出一切的楼房。


在阳台上,紧挨着那瓶塞子,

她等着我,那年六月里,

一位姑娘……我知道,先生,这不合适,

我可怜的神智已越出控制。


可那儿还是有路……可以沿边潜入,

直到那座楼,他们称为“别墅”,

得把楼里所有的眼睛避开,

只有一双眼睛例外。


我哪有资格在他们巷里逛?

但是,只要尽量把腰弯,

靠那好心的园墙给我帮忙,

哪怕他们双眼瞪得滚圆,


仍然从未捉到她和我在一起,——

她从搁楼下来,就在那里,

从那贴着“醚”字的瓶子口边

悄悄地溜下层层楼梯,


在缠满蔷薇的庭园门边约会。

唉,先生,我们常常相亲相昵,——

多么可悲,多么不轨,多么狂悖,

可是,这却是多么甜蜜!




Youth and Art


It once might have been, once only:

We lodged in a street together,

You, a sparrow on the housetop lonely,

I, a lone she-bird of his feather.


Your trade was with sticks and clay,

You thumbed, thrust, patted and polished,

Then laughed "They will see some day

Smith made, and Gibson demolished."


My business was song, song, song;

I chirped, cheeped, trilled and twittered,

"Kate Brown's on the boards ere long,

And Grisi's existence embittered!"


I earned no more by a warble

Than you by a sketch in plaster;

You wanted a piece of marble,

I needed a music-master.


We studied hard in our styles,

Chipped each at a crust like Hindoos,

For air looked out on the tiles,

For fun watched each other's windows.


You lounged, like a boy of the South,

Cap and blouse—nay, a bit of beard too;

Or you got it, rubbing your mouth

With fingers the clay adhered to.


And I—soon managed to find

Weak points in the flower-fence facing,

Was forced to put up a blind

And be safe in my corset-lacing.


No harm! It was not my fault

If you never turned your eye's tail up

As I shook upon E in alt ,

Or ran the chromatic scale up:


For spring bade the sparrows pair,

And the boys and girls gave guesses,

And stalls in our street looked rare

With bulrush and watercresses.


Why did not you pinch a flower

In a pellet of clay and fling it?

Why did not I put a power

Of thanks in a look, or sing it?


I did look, sharp as a lynx,

(And yet the memory rankles)

When models arrived, some minx

Tripped up-stairs, she and her ankles.


But I think I gave you as good!

"That foreign fellow,—who can know

How she pays, in a playful mood,

For his tuning her that piano?"


Could you say so, and never say

"Suppose we join hands and fortunes,

And I fetch her from over the way,

Her, piano, and long tunes and short tunes?"


No, no: you would not be rash,

Nor I rasher and something over:

You've to settle yet Gibson's hash,

And Grisi yet lives in clover.


But you meet the Prince at the Board,

I'm queen myself at bals-paré ,

I've married a rich old lord,

And you're dubbed knight and an R.A.


Each life unfulfilled, you see;

It hangs still, patchy and scrappy:

We have not sighed deep, laughed free,

Starved, feasted, despaired,—been happy.


And nobody calls you a dunce,

And people suppose me clever:

This could but have happened once,

And we missed it, lost it for ever.




青春和艺术


曾有过一次可能,仅仅一次:

当时我们同住一条街道,

你是独住在屋顶上的麻雀,

我是同样毛色的孤单雌鸟。


你的手艺是木棍和黏土,

你成天又捣又捏,又磨又拍,

并且笑着说:“请拭目以待,

瞧史密斯成材,吉布森 下台。”


我的事业除了歌还是歌,

我成天啁啁啾啾,啭鸣不歇,

“凯蒂·布劳恩登台之日,

格丽西 将黯然失色!”


你为人塑写生像所得无几,

跟我的卖唱彼此彼此。

你缺少的是一方大理石,

我缺少一位音乐教师。


我们勤奋钻研各自的艺术,

而只啄食一点面包皮果腹。

要找空气,就开窗望瓦面,

要找笑料,就瞧对方的窗户。


你懒懒散散,南方孩子的神气,

便帽,工作服,还有一抹胡须;

说不定是你用沾泥的手指

擦嘴的时候糊上去的。


而我呢,没多久也就发现

花篱笆的空隙是个弱点,

我不得不挂起了窗帘,

我穿花边紧身衣才能保安全。


没坏处!这又不是我的错,

当我在高音E上唱出颤音,

或是爬上了一串半音阶的坡,

你呀,你连眼角都没扫过我。


春天吩咐麻雀们成双对,

小伙子和姑娘们都在相猜,

我们街上的摊子可真美——

点缀着新鲜的香蒲、香菜。


为什么你不捏个泥丸,

插朵花儿扔进我窗里来?

为什么我不含情回眸,

把无限的感激之意唱出来?


我若回眸时凶得像只山猫,

每当你那儿有模特儿来到,

轻佻的姑娘轻快地上楼,

至今我回想起来还气恼!


可是我也给了你一点儿好看!——

“那个外国人来调钢琴那天,

她干嘛显出一副顽皮相,

谁知道她付人家什么价钱?”


你是否可能说而未说出来:

“让我们把手和命运联在一道,

我把她接到街这边来,

连同她的钢琴和长短调”?


不啊不,你不会鲁莽行事的,

我也不会比你更轻率:

你还得赶超和征服吉布森,

格丽西也还处于黄金时代。


后来,你已经受到亲王 邀请,

而我成了化装舞会的王后。

我嫁了个富有的老贵族,

你被授予爵士和院士衔头。


可是我们的生活都不满足,

这生活平静、残缺、拼凑、应付,

我们没有尽情地叹、尽情地笑,

没有挨饿、狂欢、绝望——没有幸福。


没有人说你是傻瓜、笨蛋,

大家都夸我聪明、能干……

一生只可能遇到一次啊,

我们却错过了它,直到永远。




Natural Magic


All I can say is—I saw it!

The room was as bare as your hand.

I locked in the swarth little lady,—I swear,

From the head to the foot of her—well, quite as bare!

"No Nautch shall cheat me," said I, "taking my stand

At this bolt which I draw!" And this bolt—I withdraw it,

And there laughs the lady, not bare, but embowered

With—who knows what verdure, o'erfruited, o'erflowered?

Impossible! Only—I saw it!


All I can sing is—I feel it!

This life was as blank as that room;

I let you pass in here. Precaution, indeed?

Walls, ceiling and floor,—not a chance for a weed!

Wide opens the entrance: where's cold now, where's gloom?

No May to sow seed here, no June to reveal it,

Behold you enshrined in these blooms of your bringing,

These fruits of your bearing—nay, birds of your winging!

A fairy-tale! Only—I feel it!




天然的魔力


我所能说的是——我亲眼所见!

精光的房间里只有精光的四壁。

我赌咒我锁进个娇小的黑女郎,

她也一无遮掩,从头到脚全身精光!

“印度舞女纵有本事也休想作弊,

我坚守阵地紧握门闩!”但等我开闩,

看哪,女郎笑着,不复赤裸而是鲜花缤纷,

天晓得是什么花果绿叶披满了周身。

这不可能!可是——我亲眼所见!


我所能唱的是——我亲身所感!

这生活本像那房间一样空虚,

我让你进入,而四面是严密布防——

四壁和上下,哪有长一棵草的地方?

但开门一看,阴沉寒冷俱已隐去。

既无五月撒种,也无六月浇灌,

看哪,你却簇拥着你带来的花朵,

你带来了群群小鸟、累累硕果!

这是童话!可是——我亲身所感!




Magical Nature


Flower—I never fancied, jewel—I profess you!

Bright I see and soft I feel the outside of a flower.

Save but glow inside and—jewel, I should guess you,

Dim to sight and rough to touch: the glory is the dower.


You, forsooth, a flower? Nay, my love, a jewel—

Jewel at no mercy of a moment in your prime!

Time may fray the flower-face: kind be time or cruel,

Jewel, from each facet, flash your laugh at time!



魔力的天然


我从不认为你是花儿,我相信你是宝石!

花儿的外表摸起来柔和,看起来娇美,

只缺乏内部的燃烧。而宝石呢,我猜得对,

看起来暗淡,摸起来粗糙,却藏有灿烂光辉。


你真是花儿吗?不,我的爱,你是一颗宝石,

宝石啊,不受年华摆布,不随岁月衰老。

不论时间仁慈或残酷,都会叫花颜凋萎,

而宝石的每个晶面,闪着你对时间的笑傲!




Appearances


I

And so you found that poor room dull,

Dark, hardly to your taste, my dear?

Its features seemed unbeautiful:

But this I know—'twas there, not here,

You plighted troth to me, the word

Which—ask that poor room how it heard.


II

And this rich room obtains your praise

Unqualified,—so bright, so fair,

So all whereat perfection stays?

Ay, but remember—here, not there,

the other word was spoken! Ask

This rich room how you dropped the mask!




体面


1

我的爱人,你觉得那间简陋的住房

阴暗,沉闷,实在太土气?

它看起来确实很不像样,

但我记得——在那里,不是这里,

你向我表白了爱情,那个字眼

你怎样说出的,去问那寒酸的房间。


2

这个阔气的房间,你赞不绝口,

似乎是,它如此明亮,如此富丽,

如此完美,任何缺点都没有?

唉,别忘记——在这里,不是那里,

你说出了另一个字,你的假面

是怎样摘下的,去问这富丽的房间!

飞 白 译




浪 漫 主 义 的
无 目 的 性

看来在《卢琴德》中可以简约地找到后来在浪漫主义文学史中得到发展和例解的那些原则。在克尔恺郭尔的《或此或彼》中,那个美学家有过一篇论“变化的本能”的文章,里面把懒散加以系统化:“决不要接受任何职务。如果接受的话,人就变成民众一分子,变成国家机器中的一个小枢轴;人就不再成为主宰了。……即使放弃了职务,人也不能无所作为,而应重视一切同懒散相等的活动。……全部秘密在于随心所欲。人们总认为,随心所欲,兴之所至地行动,不是什么艺术;事实上,如果我们要不误入歧途,要从中得到乐趣,是需要精打细算的。”——懒散,任性,享受!这就是浪漫主义的田野上触目皆是的三叶草。在艾亨多夫的《废物传》这本书中,懒散和无目的性在主人公的形象中被理想化了。而无目的性正是首先不可忽视的要点。无目的性是浪漫主义才智的另一名称。尤里乌斯对卢琴德说,“抱有目的,按照目的行动,目的加目的人工地构成新的目的,这个劣根性在神仙似的人儿的愚昧本性中是那样深,即使他一度愿意毫无目的地遨游在形象和情绪奔流不息的内心河流之上,他也不得不像平常一样下决心来制定目的……啊,我的朋友,千真万确,人天生就是一头古板的动物。”
对于这段话,就连正统派基督徒克尔恺郭尔也说:“为了不致冤枉施莱格尔,我们必须记住,有许多荒谬观念已经羼入了各种人生关系中,特别是对于爱情,这些观念一直不倦地使它变得像任何一头家畜一样驯良、有调教、缓慢、迟钝、有用处,简言之,尽可能使它没有色情味道。……有一种非常褊狭的庄重观念,一种合目的性,一种可怜的目的论,为许多人奉若偶像,这个偶像所要求的合法牺牲就是每个人永远不停地努力下去。爱情本身就这样显得空洞无物,只有存心把它列入在家庭生活舞台上博得喝彩的小节目中,它才会由于这个目的而变得重要起来。”也许可以说,克尔恺郭尔关于驯良、有调教、迟钝而又有用的家畜式的爱情的这段话,特别适用于德国,它当时无疑是旧式妇女的家乡。蒂克的喜剧中有些讽刺性的俏皮话,间或也是对此而发的。在他的《矮人》里,一个丈夫抱怨他的妻子一个劲地针织不停,使他简直不得安宁,——这个主题几乎只有在德国才能为人理解,因为那里的太太们直到今天,还手里拿着针织活,甚至出现在公共娱乐场所,例如在德累斯顿的音乐会上。蒂克笔下的泽梅尔齐格先生说:
她一心围着锅台转,
外加洗衣、扫地、擦杯盘:
我一谈起谈不完的爱,
她就手拿硬毛刷,悄悄
为我刷掉大衣上的线。

这一切倒也罢了,只有一桩:
不论在哪里,不论在家或出门,
哪怕在音乐会上,正值余音绕梁,
她也要抽着,卷着,窸窸窣窣,
让胳膊肘撞着两胁,
勤奋地把她的织针飞抢。
这首讽刺诗的可笑之处在于,不管是否作者有意如此,它读起来就像在模拟那篇著名的《罗马哀歌》,歌德在那篇哀歌中向他的情人打着六步韵的拍子,“手指轻轻地弹着”她的背:
想当初登上了神圣的婚床,
天边闪耀着皎洁的月光,
银白色的手臂搂抱着我,
我祈求着爱神黄金般的赐赏。
啊,如此良宵该有一个宁馨儿,
一个孔武有力的祖国壮士,
足月之后将从这娇躯中产出——
我正回想着,只觉背上轻轻一击:
莫非是爱吻落在了我的肩头?
我深情回眸,笑望着甜美的新娘:
刹那间,幻灭使我如堕地狱一般惨痛,
原来是织针跳来跳去,跳在我的背上;
可不是么,她刚织到袜跟这里来了,
这巧人儿算来算去,总把针脚算错了。
人们关心实用价值到如此程度,浪漫派提倡无目的性就不难理解了。
但是,无目的性是同懒散联系在一起的。据说,“只有意大利人懂得怎样散步,只有东方人懂得怎样安寝;但是,什么地方比印度更能使心灵变得温柔而甜蜜呢?不论是在天南地北,只有懒散才能区分高贵和低贱,只有懒散才是贵族的本性。”
最后一句话当然是不值一驳的,但正因为它愤世嫉俗,反倒更加有意义。这就是浪漫主义对于广大群众的态度。有办法无所事事,在它看来,正是贵族的特征。浪漫主义文学的主人公就是那些从事不生产的艺术、靠别人供养的人们,例如福凯和英格曼的小说中的国王和骑士,诺瓦利斯和蒂克笔下的艺术家和诗人。浪漫主义是和大众相隔绝的。它不为大众服务,眼里只有它所挑选的少数人。《卢琴德》的男女主人公正是天才的艺术家和才女;只有他们之间的自然婚姻或者艺术婚姻才受到歌颂。所以,尤里乌斯才问他的情人,如果他们生了一个女孩,是把她培养成一个肖像画家呢,还是培养成一个风景画家。她只有作为艺术家团体的一分子,才能引起父母的兴趣。而今我们这些讲求实际的人,看到诗歌只有诗人和画家才有份,唯愿早日废除这种不公平的现象。我们希望诗歌宠儿的圈子越来越大,直到最后爆毁掉。
因此不难理解,为什么《卢琴德》不可能有任何社会效果。但是,即使它没有任何实际的胚胎,即使它过于虚弱,不可能促成任何改革,这本书仍然是以某种实际作基础的。
首先,让我们看看这本书的人物形象,然后看看他们背后站着的实际形象。本书的主要人物像一些会讲话的剪影,显现在一个对一切现实散文和一切庸俗关系深恶痛绝的背景上。这部作品毫不为它的色情理论而惭愧,它自以为清白无瑕,超脱了庸众的评判:“不止是有若王侯的鹰隼敢于蔑视乌鸦的聒噪;天鹅也会骄傲得不屑一顾。它什么也不关心,只要它的洁白的羽翼不失掉光泽。它一心只想平安地偎依在利达的两膝之间,用歌声倾吐它弥留之际的一切。”
这个比喻是美丽而大胆的;但它是真实的吗?利达和天鹅的故事已经被人采用过多少次了。 
尤里乌斯是个身心分裂的青年人,当然也是个艺术家。我们从“男性的学年”(这一节包含着福楼拜称之为I'éducation sentimentale 的一切)中了解到他的最显著的特征:他表面上非常热烈地跟人玩纸牌,实际上精神恍惚,心不在焉;一时兴起,可以孤注一掷,一旦输光,又满不在乎地掉头而去。这种性格特征即使引不起我们的赞叹,但却相当巧妙地描绘出一个纵欲而又倦游的青年形象,他没有强烈的行动欲望,一味在萎靡不振、心灰意冷的懒散中寻求刺激物。他的发展史如同那些年纪太轻的人身上所常见的一样,只是由一系列女性的名字记载而成。有关的妇女都是匆匆勾画出来的,就像画册上的一些铅笔画;这些衬垫性的形象只有一个画得比较成功,就是那个完全消失在东方的草木生活方式中的“茶花女”,她像小仲马的茶花女一样,由于一种坦诚的爱情而出类拔萃,并因不为人所理解、也不为人所信任而死去。她通过自杀壮丽地退出了人生舞台,书中描写她坐在四周装有大镜的闺房里,双手搭在膝间,活生生地体现了浪漫主义文学的忘乎所以和自我表现,体现了它的审美的迷茫境界。在经历了多次十分腻人的性爱经验之后,尤里乌斯终于碰上了他的女性对象卢琴德,她给他的印象是不可磨灭的。“他在她身上遇见了一个年轻的女艺术家〔不言而喻!〕,她像他一样热烈地崇拜美,一样爱好孤独和自然。在她的风景画里,可以感觉到真正的微风在吹拂……她画画,不是为了谋生,也不是为了从事艺术〔毫无目的,毫无用途!〕,只是出于爱好〔享乐主义和讽嘲!〕;她每次都是乘一时兴会,拿起画笔和水彩,把风景涂在纸上。学油画,她却缺乏耐性和勤勉精神〔决不能勤勉!〕……卢琴德必定爱好浪漫风格〔当然!她本人就是浪漫主义的化身〕。她是那些并非生活在平凡世界、而是生活在自己设想、自己创造的世界的人们中间的一个……她还毅然决然割断一切传统,挣脱一切束缚,完全自由而独立地生活着。”尤里乌斯打从遇见她的那时起,他的艺术也变得更加热烈,更加富于感情。他“用一道起死回生的光流”绘画着裸体人像,他的形象“仿佛是以神仙似的人形出之的具有生气的植物。”
尤里乌斯和卢琴德觉得,生活平静而和谐地在被唤醒而又得到满足的永远的憧憬中流过去,“有如一首优美的歌曲”。情节仿佛就发生在画室里,画架紧靠着壁凹。卢琴德做了母亲,因此开始了“自然婚姻”。“从前我们之间只是爱情。而今自然把我们更密切地结合起来了。”婴儿的诞生使这一对父母得到“自然国度的公民权”(也许就是卢梭式的公民权吧),这是他们似乎不得不重视的唯一的公民权。浪漫主义者对于社会权利和政治权利一概漠不关心,就像我国的克尔恺郭尔笔下的某个人物一样,他认为,我们应当感到欣慰,既然有人愿意治理国家,我们别的人就可以自由自在了。
然而,在这些扑朔迷离的图画后面,却有一个轮廓鲜明的现实。主人公的青春生活,正如弗里德里希·施莱格尔的书信所表明,是同作者的青春生活颇相符合的。柏林当时还没有那么假装虔信,根据同时代人的见证,乃是一个真正的维纳斯山 ,没有一个人能够走近而不受惩罚的。邦君的榜样纵容了各种伤风败俗的行为。对于艺术和美文学的热忱,排挤并代替了不久前还如此强大、使人们避之唯恐不及的官方道德。
1799年(《卢琴德》问世的那一年)秋天,弗里德里希·施莱格尔在致施莱尔马赫的信中说:“不知人们怎么那样冷酷,谢林又遭到了一次袭击,就因为他过去鼓吹不信宗教,而在这一点上我是全力支持他的。对此,他用汉斯·萨克斯-歌德式的文风,草拟了一份伊壁鸠鲁式的信仰告白。”那就是《反抗者》这篇诗。
再也不能忍受了,
我必须重新生活一遍,
好把我全部的感官放任;
人们竭力要我相信
那些先验的堂皇理论,
几乎使我变得麻木不仁。
因此,我要宣称:
我的心在燃烧,
我的血在奔腾;
跟任何人一样,我说话算话,
我总是兴高采烈,
不管下雨还是天晴,
自从我恍然大悟,
只有物质才是唯一的真。
我不关心看不见的一切。
只关心我能闻、能尝、能触、
能刺激我全部感官的一切。
我只有一个宗教,
就是我爱优美的膝盖,
丰满的胸脯,纤细的腰,
外加芬芳的花卉,
一切欲望的满足,
一切爱的担保。
如果还须有一种宗教
(尽管没有它,我照样能活),
在所有宗教中,
只有天主教使我中意,
像它古时那样,
那时既无争吵亦无斗争,
一切像一盘糖果点心;
无须向远方寻求,
无须向上苍祈讨,
人们有个活的神像,
把地球当做宇宙中心,
把罗马当做地球中心,
那里住着父母官,
掌握统治世界的权柄;
俗人和教士住在一起,
如同住在安乐乡,
而在上天的宫室里,
日子过得更是花天酒地,
总有少女和老头
每天在举行婚礼。
这样一位作者写出这样一首诗,可以说是时代精神的一份真正的文献。这首诗本来是专门为了反对诺瓦利斯而写的,可是当威廉·施莱格尔按照歌德的劝告,拒绝把它刊载在《雅典娜神殿》上时,诺瓦利斯却写道:“我不懂为什么《反抗者》不能发表。是因为它的无神论吗?请想想《希腊诸神》 吧!”谈一下这个掌故,是颇有教益的。
时尚是革命的:胸怀裸露着,衣服讲究东方式的宽大。在一些最出色的少妇中间,情调是极端放荡的。这时,没有一个人像年轻的保莉妮·维泽尔那样由于美丽而被人谈论。她是一个非常聪明的男人的妻子,此人的怀疑态度和讥刺的机智给年轻的蒂克留下了深刻而扰人的印象(蒂克就是以他作为阿卜杜拉和威廉·洛维尔的原型的);而她则是路易·斐迪南亲王的许多情妇之一。这个莽撞的青年王子对她爱慕得十分炽烈,在他的书信中仍然散发着余热。一个同时代人这样写到她:“我完全把她看做希腊神话里的一个尤物。”亚历山大·封·洪堡步行几十英里路去看她。虽然这些关系未免关碍保莉妮·维泽尔的名誉,却一点也没有引起她的有才情的女友们(例如无懈可击的拉蔼尔)的物议,这正是时代精神的特征。这位女士几乎还有点羡嫉呢,她在少女时期曾经这样烦躁地写过:“无非是生存手段,无非是为生存做准备,从来就不敢生活,我从来就没有生活过,谁要是胆敢生活,就会受到这倒霉世界、整个世界的反对!”
不过,《卢琴德》的原型要比它的画像更优秀,也更伟大,她是属于拉蔼尔的这个小圈子的。这个年轻而聪敏的犹太女郎的小圈子,当时代表着最自由、最高尚的教育,它的历史意义在于当歌德的声望尚未真正建立起来的时候,它是唯一向歌德表示敬意、真正开创了歌德崇拜的团体。这些青年妇女中最有才情的,可以举出目光敏锐、感情纤细、喷射精神火花的拉蔼尔·莱文(后来成为瓦恩哈根的夫人),美丽、活泼而又渊博的亨里埃特(后来同马尔库斯·赫尔茨医生结婚),最后还有摩西·门德尔松的聪明而又自主的女儿多罗特娅,她为了孝顺父母,嫁给了银行家法伊特,但是婚后精神上很不满足。她就是卢琴德的原型。她所以能够迷住弗里德里希·施莱格尔,不是由于她的美貌,而是由于她的机智和热情奔放的才华。他当时二十五岁,她却已经三十二岁了。她的举止行动丝毫没有肉感和轻佻的成分,她有一双闪闪发光的大眼睛,一颦一笑流露出男性的粗犷。施莱格尔在给他哥哥的信中盛赞过她的“真正价值”,他说,她“非常单纯,除了爱情、音乐、诙谐和哲学,别的什么也不欣赏。”1798年,她离开她的丈夫,跟着施莱格尔到了耶拿。她在当时的一封信上说道:“我们从来没有打算用婚约束缚自己,虽然我早就认为,除了死亡,再没有别的什么能够拆散我们。我一直厌恶对现在和未来精打细算,但是如果可憎的仪式仍然是不散伙的唯一条件,那么我只得按照眼前的命令行事,牺牲我所最珍视的见解。”
为了玉成弗里德里希和多罗特娅的好事,没有哪一个朋友比高尚的施莱尔马赫更卖力的了。在弗里德里希的朋友中间,没有哪一个像施莱尔马赫那样强烈地为《卢琴德》所感动。当时,他在柏林的慈善教会当传教士,早就抱着同情甚至赞美的心情注视着弗里德里希的争取解放的行为。弗里德里希在他的《论迪欧蒂玛》的文章和对于席勒的《妇女的品格》的酷评中,向关于妇女的社会地位的传统见解宣战。他嘲笑了世俗的婚姻,说“结婚双方互相轻蔑地生活在一起,他在她身上只看到她的性别,她在他身上只看到他的社会地位,两人把孩子只当做他们的成品和财产。”他认为,问题就在于妇女在道德上和精神上的解放。心灵和教养,再加上热忱,就是他心目中使妇女变得可爱的品质。他嘲笑关于妇女本色的流行见解。他痛斥男人要求妇女贞洁和无知的愚蠢而恶劣的作风;由于这种作风,妇女便被迫故作正经,而所谓正经不过是并不贞洁而伪装贞洁罢了。真正的贞洁在异性看来是同教养并行不悖的。哪里有宗教,有表现热忱的能力,哪里就有这种贞洁。认为优美而高尚的自由思想只适于男人,而不适于妇女,不过是由卢梭传播开来的许多流行的陈词滥调之一。“奴役妇女”乃是人类的积患。他作为作家的最崇高的愿望,按照他的天真的说法,就是要“建立一种道德。”“反抗成文法和传统法”,他认为是人类的第一个道德冲动。
施莱尔马赫在《雅典娜神殿》上发表的片断《为贵妇们所拟的理性问答》,也完全是这个腔调,号召妇女要冲破她们性别的束缚。的确,说起来叫人不相信;弗·施莱格尔经常被人引用的那则片断,认为“四角婚姻”根本无可指摘,说不定(恰如海姆所证实)就出自施莱尔马赫的手笔。这段名文的矛头,指向了许多下贱的虚伪的婚姻,指向了“失败了的试验婚姻”,政府荒谬地强制双方生活在一起,从而妨碍了真正婚姻的可能性。这则片断说,几乎所有婚姻不过是对于真正婚姻的暂时的模糊的近似;施莱尔马赫则说,许多尝试是必要的,“如果把三四对夫妇聚在一起,并且允许互换配偶,那么真正的好姻缘就可以出现。”
但是,施莱尔马赫之所以感同身受地热望弗里德里希和多罗特娅的结合,最深刻的原因还在他自己当时的生活处境。他正同柏林一个传教士的妻子爱莉奥诺尔·格鲁诺热恋着,而她同她丈夫结婚后没有孩子,十分不幸。
他认为,一般人对于《卢琴德》所表示的愤慨,夹杂了许多无知而庸俗、狭隘而伪善的成分;人们一方面对这本书吹毛求疵,另方面却津津有味地读着维兰德和克雷比翁 的淫秽小说。他说,“这使我想起了巫术审讯,起诉人是邪恶,而作出判决的则是虔诚的愚昧。”
他之所以特别要为这一对受迫害的恋人热情辩护,如他自己所说,就是大多数人所谓对伤风败俗表示愤慨,不过是为了寻找借口,对施莱格尔进行人身攻击罢了。
多罗特娅在纤弱的肉体中有一个强悍的灵魂。她毫不动摇地承当了她由于同社会准则相决裂而遭受的一切重压,承担了人们在攻讦《卢琴德》时所表示的鬼鬼祟祟的诬蔑和明目张胆的诽谤。她对自己所选中的男人表现出最持久的热爱和最无私的忠诚。她不仅分享着他的兴趣和目标,而且忍受着他的荒唐行为,毫无怨言地适应着这个最反复无常的恋人的怪癖。不仅如此!她的通达而愉快的非凡气质,还驱散了她自己和别人身上的懊丧的阴影。在施莱尔马赫的过于纤细的沉思和弗里德里希的先验的讽嘲之间,总听得见她的快活的笑声。她虽然在其它方面摆脱了女性的多愁善感,可是她却全心全意地景慕她的情人,而且以动人的谦虚为他而自豪。她写了一部小说《弗洛伦廷》,这本书尽管有它的缺点,却比弗里德里希的任何创作都更有创造力,但首先使她感到幸福和骄傲的是,他的名字作为本书编者印上了封面。她红着脸,心里怦怦跳着,把这本书的第一卷送给施莱尔马赫披览,笑着看到他在原稿上画出了许多红杠子。“凡是应当用受格和与格的地方都一塌糊涂。”那时(大约1800年),当所有的浪漫派,连施莱尔马赫和谢林在内,都在文学上作孽的时候,她也感到不得不写点什么,这样就使她也成为德国浪漫派文学团体的一个成员;事实上,她的小说也是当时所有流行观念的一个表现,是《威廉·迈斯特》和《弗朗兹·斯特恩巴尔德》的一种模仿,是对于同俗人素不相能的雅人、对于自由自在的放浪生活、对于疏懒、对于优美的轻浮、对于在散文化的现实世界中毫无“意图”可言的无目的性的一种颂扬。
多罗特娅赋予她的主人公一些在她的女性的赞赏眼光看来显然同弗里德里希的特征相应和的特征。“她虽然有一种古怪的、时常拒人千里的态度,但却又有颇结人缘的天赋,不管他有意无意,总赢得所有人的心。一个人拿出全副自尊心来反对他,都是没有用的;他总有办法把这个人完全征服了。没有办法对付他,仿佛他是不可战胜的,这一点使人非常生气。有时他讲的话,仿佛另有深意,不能照表面去理解;有时人家一味恭维他,他竟淡然置之,仿佛那是理所当然;有时人家信口讲出一句不关痛痒的话,却使他感到莫大的快乐;他在这句话中找到了或者放进了某种特殊意义……但是,可以想见,他在社会上多么容易得罪人。”
弗洛伦廷的自白,尤其是关于他青年时期在威尼斯的放荡生活的一段,使我们想起弗里德里希青年时期在莱比锡的经历。弗洛伦廷虽然是个意大利人,他却对德国艺术和德国艺术家感到强烈的爱好。他自学绘画,借以谋生,时而作为有才能的浪漫派业余艺术家,时而作为同样有才能的浪漫派音乐家,从一个村庄漫游到另一个村庄。他的身世笼罩着一层神秘气氛。如他自己所说,他是“孤独者、流浪汉、机缘之子。某种不可言传的东西,我只能称之为我的命运,驱使我不断向前。”他躲避一切爱情的牵连:“我愿意孤零零地承担加在我身上的诅咒。” 
详细地批评这段性格描写,指出它是如何的天真、如何过分浪漫,是不必要的。不过,这本书的作者在许多方面超出了她的小团体。她不愧是明智而持重的门德尔松的女儿。
她说,她高兴看到弗里德里希成为一个艺术家,但是如果她看见他是一个正式国家的合格公民,她就更加爱他了;的确,在她看来,她所有的革命朋友从事文学创作、评论等等,是同他们的气质和愿望格格不入的,犹如婴儿摇床之于巨人;她说,按照她的想法,他们应当像葛慈·封·伯利欣根一样,他只是为了恢复挥戈的疲劳才提起笔来。 
这里我们又感到已经在卡尔布夫人身上所感到的那种强烈印象,就是说,这个时期的妇女身上比男人身上显示出一种更刚健、更专一的力量,她们坚持从社会角度来观察男人们只愿意从文学角度观察的问题。她们更深刻地感受到环境的压力,她们并没有因为饱学而变得衰弱起来,她们比周围的男人有更实际的智力和眼光。
这一对刚结合不久的年轻人所遇到的第一件大事,就是费希特走进了他们的生活。大家知道,他在大学里讲授无神论,因此被提起了公诉。卡洛琳娜·施莱格尔写信给她的一个女友说:“你向我问起了费希特事件,我不胜懊恼地奉告如下。请相信我,这件事对于所有品行端正、态度坦白的朋友都是非常痛苦的。你大概了解应当怎样思考由一个顽固的邦君及其顾问——一部分是天主教徒,一部分是兄弟会教徒——所提出的第一次控告。……可是,从魏玛传来种种消息,说费希特在那里的处境颇为不妙,使得他极端愤慨,因此他宣称,如果对他施加法律惩处,并限制他的教学自由,他就辞职不干。……所有廷臣,所有被费希特比得黯然失色的教授,都斥责他胆大妄为。大家都不理睬他,对他避之唯恐不及。”
多罗特娅在一封由弗里德里希·施莱格尔、施莱尔马赫和她共同草拟的书信中说:“费希特在这里过得很好,没有人来打扰他。尼可莱让人通知他,只要他不打算作公开演讲,就决不会有人来找他的麻烦;看来,他不会甘心接受这一点。——我同费希特相处得极好,一般说,我在这个哲学家团体中表现得很得体,仿佛我从没习惯于某种更糟的生活。只是我对费希特还有点顾虑,问题倒不在他身上,而在于我同外界、同弗里德里希的关系——我担心——我也许错了。我写不下去了,亲爱的,我的哲学家们在书房里不停地踱来踱去,我有点发晕了。”
这里是多罗特娅在柏林的一段小小的家庭生活场面。三个人都高兴住在一起,费希特甚至计划永远这样过下去。他给他的妻子写信说,他正设法劝说弗里德里希留在柏林,同时促请威廉·施莱格尔同他的太太也迁到这里来:“如果计划实现,我们,也就是施莱格尔兄弟、谢林(也一定得把他找来)和我们,就要建立一个家庭,租一个大寓所,雇用一个厨子,等等。”但这个计划始终没有实现。施莱格尔兄弟的两位太太彼此不和。但是,在这样为费希特而忧虑、为不义而愤慨的时候,读到多罗特娅信中的如下一段话,岂不令人感到像是一阵从另一世界吹来的和风吗?“我衷心感谢你的母亲送给我这幅可爱的圣者像。我总是把它摆在我的眼前;我想,我自己也不会为自己挑选另一幅,这一幅正合我的心意。这些圣者像和天主教音乐那么使我感动,我下决心,如果我要当个基督徒,一定当个天主教徒。” 哪里也不比这里更清楚地表现了浪漫派在宗教思想上的混乱。我们看到,天主教在德国完全扮演了格隆特维格的教义后来在丹麦所扮演的角色。
然而,多罗特娅并不是《卢琴德》唯一的女性肖像。尤利乌斯在求学时代认识了一个杰出的妇女,书上是这样描写她的:“她是一个无与伦比的女人,是第一个对他的心灵产生了莫大影响的女人,他一见到她,就把这场病给治好了。……她做出了选择,委身于一个既是她的朋友、也是他的朋友、而且值得她爱的人。尤利乌斯成了她的知己,他深知使自己幸福的一切,而且严厉地评判自己的卑劣。……他把全部爱情埋藏在自己内心的深处,让情欲在那里汹涌、燃烧、耗尽;可是,他的外表完全改变了,他善于装出最幼稚的坦白和某种兄弟般的粗鲁,免得由于谄媚而陷入了柔情;他装得那么成功,使她没有一点点猜疑。她在幸福中兴高采烈,轻松愉快,对什么也不疑心;如果发现他心情不畅,她就尽情发挥她的机智和情趣。妇女性格中所有的高贵和优美,所有的圣洁和任性,在她身上得到了最精致、最温柔的表现。每一种品质都自由而旺盛地发展起来和表现出来,仿佛它独自存在着;但是,各种相异的品质大胆地结合起来,也并没有产生混乱,因为有一股精神,有一股和谐和爱情的微风,在鼓舞着它。在同一小时内,她既能以一个多才多艺的女演员的豪放而优雅的演技表演一场滑稽插曲,又能以单纯而动人的尊严朗诵一篇高尚的诗。她时而愿意在社交场合露露脸,出出风头,时而又热心快肠,用言语和行动帮助别人,认真、谦逊而和蔼有如一个温柔的母亲。一件无聊琐事,经她一讲,就变得像童话般令人愉快。她用感情和机智装饰一切,她能领悟一切,她的巧手和甜嘴能使一切高贵起来。任何善良和伟大的事物,都受到她的热烈的同情,而不会显得太神圣或者太平凡。她理解每个细微的暗示,她甚至能够回答没有说出来的问题。向她发表长篇大论是不可能的;自然而然就变成了对话,而当对话越来越有兴味的时候,她脸上就有聪明的眼神和可爱的表情,演奏出永远新鲜的音乐。读一读她的书信,就仿佛看见了这些眼神和表情;她的信写得那么透彻而亲切,就仿佛在同通信者面谈一样。凡是只知道她的这一面的人,可能认为她仅仅是可爱,认为她将成为一个迷人的女演员,认为她那些典雅言词只要添上韵律就会变成精美的诗。然而,就是这个女人,她在任何必要的时刻,都能表现出最惊人的勇气和精力;而且,正是她的性格的这一方面,形成了她用以评判男人的高标准。”
在这幅肖像中,褒誉显然超过了画艺。要让圣伯夫来描画,他会画得截然不同。但是,这幅画像的本人是这样一位女性,她自从以“卡洛琳娜”的署名发表她的书信以来,几乎像个女王似的,就只以这个教名见知于世,这样来称呼她倒也最省事,因为她有过那许多姓氏,不知道应当用哪个姓氏来称呼她才好。她娘家姓米夏埃利斯,格廷根著名神学家的女儿,先嫁一位医学博士伯默尔,后嫁奥·威·施莱格尔,最后同谢林结婚。后两次结婚使她居于整个浪漫派团体的中心,这个圈子自然而然地围绕她建立了起来。她是这个圈子的真正的缪斯。卡尔德隆和阿里奥斯托的天才的翻译者格里斯,把她捧为“他所认识的最富有才气的女人”,斯特芬斯和威廉·封·洪堡也有过类似的说法。奥·威·施莱格尔谈到他的一些文章时说,它们“有一部分出自一位才女之手,她要当一个出色的女作家,才能绰绰有余,只是她志不在此。”谢林在她逝世时写道:“即使她同我没有我们已有的那种关系,我也要哀悼她这个人,哀悼这个心灵的杰作,哀悼这个罕见的妇人,她具有男性的大度,最敏锐的精神,并结合着最女性的、最温柔的、最可爱的心灵。像她这样的尤物是再也不会有了。”她的画像是奇妙的,迷人的,优美的,调皮而温柔。她完全合乎莱欧纳多的风格。多罗特娅就要单纯得多了。
卡洛琳娜生于1763年,第一次结婚是二十一岁。奥·威·施莱格尔在格廷根大学读书时就认识她,并爱上了她;可是她拒绝了他的求婚。他们的交往不久就中断了,但还保持着书信联系,那时(1791)奥·威·施莱格尔在阿姆斯特丹接受了一个家庭教师的席位,并在那里有过各种艳遇,其中一段认真的恋爱事件,使他同卡洛琳娜的关系黯然失色。同时,卡洛琳娜本人也陷入了最离奇的关系中。1792年,她去到美因兹,住在格奥尔格·福斯特尔的家里。这个卓有天赋、值得钦佩但未免血气过刚的人,杰出的科学家和作家,是洪堡的老师,这时他正在从事革命活动,想把法国的自由传播到莱因地区来;卡洛琳娜带着热烈的同情,协助他开展工作,并同美因兹的共和俱乐部成员往来。于是,她受到了不公平的嫌疑,说她通过丈夫的弟弟格·伯默尔、顾斯丁 的秘书,同敌人相勾结。德国军队收复美因兹之后,她被捕了,在可怕的监牢里,同另七个犯人在一个房间,待了几个月。她在监狱里向施莱格尔写信求援。她的处境比从表面看起来还要糟糕而狼狈。在美因兹,她因为最热烈的愿望(她原来期待英俊、强壮的塔特尔向她求婚)未能成功,绝望之余,曾经委身于一个偶然的追求者、一个法国人,如果她不是及时获得释放,这段关系的后果不可避免地会永远使她陷于窘境。由于威廉·施莱格尔的交际和她自己兄弟的奔走,终于弄到一份释放令;威廉于是以其固有的安详的骑士风度,将见弃于众人的卡洛琳娜托付他的弟弟弗里德里希照顾。弗里德里希就是在这样尴尬的情况下认识了她。他起初对她并没有好感,几乎还有点轻视她。正是在这个情况下,他写道:“我根本没有预料到那种纯朴和真正神圣的诚实感……她给了我一个非常生动的印象;我渴望争取她的信任和友谊,但正当她似乎表现出若干同感的时候,我便非常确切地看出,单是想尝试一下便会引起最激烈的斗争,而且如果我们之间可能形成一种友谊的话,那也只能是许多次荒唐努力的晚熟的果实——从此,每一个自私的欲望都被放弃了……我现在同她保持着最单纯、最质朴的关系,像儿子一样敬畏,像兄弟一样坦白,像孩子一样天真,像陌生人一样无所求。” 
1796年,奥·威·施莱格尔同他那个很不体面的女友结了婚。当时所有知名之士便在她的周围结成了小圈子。她同歌德、赫尔德、费希特、谢林、黑格尔、蒂克、施莱尔马赫和哈顿伯格等人经常往来。歌德正是在这时同这个年轻的流派发生了亲密的关系。浪漫派正在形成中,它的各个不同的成员第一次在耶拿聚会。卡洛琳娜同歌德一起吃早餐,同费希特一起吃午餐,不久就同谢林难舍难分了。
我在下面引录一段卡洛琳娜写给谢林的书信(1801年3月1日),看看她的判断力是如何充沛而细腻:“最亲爱的朋友,你大概不会希望我来告诉你,费希特的精神境界究竟扩张到什么地步,虽然你几乎这样表示过了。尽管他具备不可比拟的思想力,有条不紊的推断方法,行文流畅而又确切,并有自我的直观和一个发现者的热忱,我总觉得他还是受到局限的。其所以如此,我认为,不过是由于他身上缺乏神圣的灵感。如果说你冲破了他无从挣脱的小圈子,我相信你不是作为哲学家——如果这个名称在这里用得不恰当,请不要见怪——才做到这一点,而毋宁是因为你身上有诗,而他身上没有。诗引导你直接走向创造,正如知觉的敏锐引导他达到彻悟。他有最亮最亮的光,而你却有热;光只能照明,热却能创造。——我不是很巧妙地看到这一点吗?就像从一个钥匙孔里看到一片无限的风景。”
在卡洛琳娜书信的另一个地方(卷2,第220页),可以看到一段关于黑格尔的有趣的议论,颇不符合一般人对这位哲学家的印象:“黑格尔在扮演情郎角色,到处向女人献殷勤。” 
卡洛琳娜热情地参与浪漫派的一切尝试,她写稿、改稿、发表匿名评论,时而亲自执笔,时而间接地对别人施加影响。她原比男人具有更强烈的政治革命热情,而今不得不把这股热情消磨在文坛上的钩心斗角上面。例如,我们看到她对施莱格尔的《伊翁》写了一篇颇为刻薄的匿名评论,接着又看到施莱格尔对这篇评论作了匿名的反批评,最后又看到卡洛琳娜向谢林求援,于是谢林在第三篇匿名评论中以卡洛琳娜的骑士自居,字斟句酌地向施莱格尔发出更其猛烈的攻击,私下却又给他写信,希望他不要见怪。破坏席勒和施莱格尔的关系,以致促成他们绝交的,也是卡洛琳娜,她对席勒的诗作发表了许多经常很机智、但却不公平的嘲弄,往往煽起施莱格尔兄弟对席勒的恶感;而在席勒方面,他也不能辞其咎,当那兄弟俩开始写作生涯时,他曾摆出一副老资格的架势,把他们拒于千里之外。席勒经常把卡洛琳娜称作“恶魔夫人”。她最坏的一面表现在她对可怜的多罗特娅·法伊特的气量狭小的嫉恨上,她不断地迫害她,——她的嫉恨还破坏了施莱格尔兄弟俩本来十分美好的亲睦关系,他们不但是兄弟,同时还是最知心的朋友,而她却几乎完全离间了他们。请听她是用什么腔调来谈多罗特娅的:“弗里德里希刚看完了《阿拉柯斯》的演出,立刻就坐上了马车,匆匆赶到法国去,想在那里按照共和方式举行婚礼。在罗伯斯庇尔执政时期,淹死在罗瓦河里就叫做noces republicaines(法语:共和式婚礼),我真唯愿这一对的那一半能碰上这样的婚礼。”她最优美的品质是由她的女儿、那个神奇的儿童奥古斯特·伯默尔激发出来的,她虽然十五岁就夭折了,她的名字却同德国文学史分不开。我们读读她对弗里德里希、对多罗特娅的评论,读读她写给蒂克或施莱尔马赫的韵文书信,不能不为她的罕见的天才感到惊讶。她的死成了卡洛琳娜生活中的一个转折点。谢林也许原来就被这个女孩迷住了,她不幸突然亡故,使得他更加接近她的母亲。他那时还很年轻,正热烈地从事初期的著述,焕发着激情,闪耀着天才,而且是歌德的宠儿。他和卡洛琳娜于是共有着深刻的悲伤和相互慰藉的需要。这种关系具有热恋的性质。浪漫派的卑劣的敌人炮制了一个小册子,宣称谢林用他疯狂的《自然哲学》和他所推荐的药方杀死了这个孩子——当然这纯属虚构的谣传——这件事却只能使他们更亲密地结合在一起。谢林回答这个小册子时,使用了同他的敌人一样粗暴的言词,拉萨尔在他的《资本与劳动》的导言中曾经加以引用。卡洛琳娜和施莱格尔的关系早就冷淡下来了,他们不住在一个城市里。假使卡洛琳娜生性嫉妒,她可以有很多抱怨的理由。施莱格尔后来同蒂克的妹妹索菲·伯恩哈迪发生恋爱关系,她为了他而同自己的丈夫离了婚。他最后打算同唯理主义者保卢斯的一个女儿进行婚姻试验也失败了,像第一次一样以离婚而告终。
当谢林和卡洛琳娜变得难舍难分,必须把她身上原有的婚姻约束加以解除时,施莱格尔极其豪爽地表示了同意。离婚之后,卡洛琳娜说:“我们解除了一个我们认为随时可以解除的约束”,接着就缔结了新的婚姻,双方都感到非常幸福。
看看施莱格尔怎样对待卡洛琳娜的决定,借以理解浪漫派的理论及其在头面人物生活中的应用,是十分有趣的。他不仅表示了同意,而且还同谢林保持着极其友好的通信,这两个男人在他们的文学生涯中还互相以言行支助对方。的确,卡洛琳娜在施莱格尔早已注意到她同谢林的关系之后,她对他仍然继续着极其友好的往还。例如,她在1801年5月给施莱格尔写道:“请仲裁一下谢林和我之间的如下争论:可以这样来写六步句吗?我认为最后两行写得很笨,——他却坚持要那样写。”施莱格尔后来甚至还陪着斯塔尔夫人,到慕尼黑去拜访过这一对夫妇。
所以,哪怕再严重的个人纠纷和决裂,也不能拆散这些由于思想一致、由于争取思想一致的共同斗争而结合起来的人们。他们认为个人自由是不可让与的,既这样看待别人的自由,也为自己要求这样的自由。
但是,除了说浪漫主义者在爱情上见异思迁,并且完全蔑视社会约束之外,由此还可得出如下结论,即:他们的妇女实际上比他们本人更高超,他们所做的不过是把她们拉到自己水平上来。且看那个强有力的多罗特娅,她原来痛感浪漫派的一切文学倾向的渺小,后来却慢慢地发生变化,言不由衷地赞美《卢琴德》,然后千篇一律地写起小说来,最后便跟着弗里德里希到维也纳去当了天主教徒。再看感情纤细、热情而又刚强的卡洛琳娜,她二十岁左右作为一个年轻的寡妇,曾经试图把莱因区革命化,她当时是那样地果断而卤莽,几乎可以同任何三教九流混在一起,并且满不在乎地使她的情人的生命和幸福面临最大的危险。弗里德里希给威廉写信说过:“我永远不能原谅她,她心狠手辣,老是把她的朋友卷进无聊的危险和卑鄙的小人这些可怕的漩涡中。”可是,几年之后,我们却看到她前后判若两人,为她丈夫的拙劣戏剧匿名写一些批评或吹捧的文章,完全沉湎于文坛上的钩心斗角之中。她的心灵似乎偶然为旧日的气息一拂而过,于此更可感到她的变化之大。她在1799年10月给她女儿写信,先谈了一大堆家庭琐事,最后一段是:“枢密顾问官胡菲兰德业已带着夫人和孩子们回来了。”接着又写道:“这一切多么无聊啊!波拿巴到了巴黎 !哦,孩子,想想吧,一切又会好起来。俄国人已经被赶出了瑞士——俄国人和英国人只得在荷兰忍辱投降,法国人正向斯瓦比亚挺进,波拿巴当真来了。跟大家一起高兴吧,不然我会认为,你只会卖弄风情,没有一点明智的思想。”然后又用同样的口吻谈起了文坛闲话:“蒂克非常有趣,我们常在一起。这些男人脑子里究竟想做些什么,你简直不会相信。我将写一篇咏默克尔的十四行诗给你看,这个人在柏林胡说,公爵为了《雅典娜神殿》的缘故,把施莱格尔兄弟骂了一通,等等。因此,威廉和蒂克昨晚又熬到深夜,给他写了一篇恶毒的十四行。看到他俩兴高采烈地从事这场合理的malice(法语:恶作剧),两对棕色眼睛闪闪对视着,实在令人拍案叫绝。多罗特娅和我几乎笑得在地上打滚。她很会笑,那种笑法会使你欢喜她的。默克尔这个怪物算是完蛋了。他再也抬不起头来。此外,到处都是一片哗然。许茨和威廉彬彬有礼地你来我往,谢林则全力攻击《文学总汇报》。不过,这些争论对你无关痛痒,俄国人和波拿巴才大有文章呢。 ”看来,当她对于重大事件的兴趣在她身上渐渐熄灭的时候,她似乎努力想把它在她女儿身上保存下来。接着,她便同谢林结了婚,并适应了巴伐利亚这个巨大的僧侣巢穴的一切现状。
许多伟大的男人都试图诱导他们所爱的女人来分担他们的兴趣,可是一个个都失败了。那些有天赋的男人们并没有提高那些追随他们、向他们委身的女人,而是贬抑了她们,剥夺了她们最高超的兴趣和最高尚的同情,给她们注入了渺小而又卑劣的情操,——我认为,这个事实乃是对他们的最严重的谴责,最能暴露他们弱点的征象。这种谴责可以加在浪漫主义者头上,而且不能不加在他们头上。他们对待众神赐予他们的伟大妇女,就像对待他们作为遗产加以继承的伟大观念一样,他们剥夺了她们身上伟大的胸襟宽阔的社会政治品质,让她们先变成浪漫派和文人,然后顿悟前非,变成了天主教徒。




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