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埃德加·李·马斯特斯《白天只剩厌恶》

美国 星期一诗社 2024-01-10

埃德加·李·马斯特斯(Edgar Lee Masters, 1869–1950)意象派激起的风潮使自由诗成为美国现代诗歌的主要形式,但当时最成功的一本自由诗集却出自芝加哥诗派的马斯特斯。马斯特斯的学童时代是在伊利诺伊州一个名叫“匙子河”的河流附近的小镇度过。“匙子河”现在人尽皆知,因为马斯特斯1915年出了一本《匙子河诗集》,诗集以埋葬在公墓里的死者自述的形式,描写了中西部地方小镇那种沉闷、闭塞的生活情状,在一定程度上揭露了美国资本主义社会的现实。这本诗集写得生动、有趣,人们没想到自由诗可以写成这样,因此轰动一时。马斯特斯此后又写了风格与第一本诗集接近的《新匙子河》(1924年)和《荔枝》(1930年),后一本诗集以唐人街华人为主人公,让他们纵论美国和世界的各种大事。马斯特斯的职业是律师,但他勤于写作,著有多部散文集、戏剧,却未能再次取得《匙子河诗集》那样的成功。




Harry Wilmans


I was just turned twenty-one,

And Henry Phipps, the Sunday-school superintendent,

Made a speech in Bindle's Opera House.

"The honor of the flag must be upheld," he said,

"Whether it be assailed by a barbarous tribe of Tagalogs

Or the greatest power in Europe."

And we cheered and cheered the speech and the flag he waved

As he spoke.

And I went to the war in spite of my father,

And followed the flag till I saw it raised

By our camp in a rice field near Manila,

And all of us cheered and cheered it.

But there were flies and poisonous things;

And there was the deadly water,

And the cruel heat,

And the sickening, putrid food;

And the smell of the trench just back of the tents

Where the soldiers went to empty themselves;

And there were the whores who followed us, full of syphilis;

And beastly acts between ourselves or alone,

With bullying, hatred, degradation among us,

And days of loathing and nights of fear

To the hour of the charge through the steaming swamp,

Following the flag,

Till I fell with a scream, shot through the guts.

Now there's a flag over me in Spoon River!

A flag! A flag!



哈里·威尔曼斯


我才满二十一,

亨利·菲普斯,主日学校学监,

在宾德尔歌剧院发表演说:

“不管是他加禄 1 野人袭击,

还是欧洲列强来犯,

我们必须捍卫国旗的荣誉。”

我们欢呼又欢呼,他一面讲,

一面把国旗挥舞。

我抛下老父,投笔从戎,

跟着国旗,到达马尼拉附近稻田,

在军营里我目礼国旗升起,

我们欢呼又欢呼。

可是,那里有苍蝇,有瘴气,

有致命的毒水,

有逼人的炎热,

有叫人恶心的霉烂食物。

帐篷后面战壕里那股味儿,

丘八们老是上那里解手;

浑身梅毒的妓女跟着我们;

我们对己对人都如野兽,

充满欺凌、仇恨和堕落。

白天只剩厌恶,夜里全是恐惧,

直到那天,我们冲锋,穿过雾腾腾的沼地,

跟着国旗,

直到我尖叫一声倒下,被打穿喉咙。

今天,在匙子河,我盖着一面国旗!

一面国旗!一面国旗!




Carl Hamblin


The press of the Spoon River Clarion was wrecked,

And I was tarred and feathered,

For publishing this on the day the Anarchists were hanged in Chicago:

"I saw a beautiful woman with bandaged eyes

Standing on the steps of a marble temple.

Great multitudes passed in front of her,

Lifting their faces to her imploringly.

In her left hand she held a sword,

She was brandishing the sword,

Sometimes striking a child, again a laborer,

Again a slinking woman, again a lunatic.

In her right hand she held a scale;

Into the scale pieces of gold were tossed

By those who dodged the strokes of the sword.

A man in a black gown read from a manuscript:

'She is no respecter of persons.'

Then a youth wearing a red cap

Leaped to her side and snatched away the bandage.

And lo, the lashes had been eaten away

From the oozy eye-lids;

The eye-balls were seared with a milky mucus;

The madness of a dying soul

Was written on her face—

But the multitude saw why she wore the bandage."




卡尔·汉勃林


匙子河《号角报》印刷间被捣毁,

我被人涂满柏油粘上鸡毛,

因为在芝加哥绞死无政府党那天,我刊登了这样一篇文章:

“我看见一个美妇人,布带蒙着眼睛,

站在大理石庙宇的台阶上,

大队人群从她面前走过,

祈求地向她仰视。

她左手擎一把剑,

乱挥乱舞,

有时砍中一个孩子,有时一个工人,

有时一个瘦弱的妇女,有时一个疯子。

她右手拿着一架天平 2 ,

那些躲过剑锋的人

往天平里扔金币。

一个身披黑袍的人宣读一份手稿:

‘她对任何人一视同仁。’

这时有个戴红帽的青年

一跃而上,扯下布带。

瞧啊,脓汁淋漓的眼皮底下,

她的睫毛早就烂掉;

眼球萎缩,蒙上一层白膜;

从她脸上可以见到

一个濒死的灵魂那种疯狂——

而群众明白了她为什么蒙上布带。”




Hod Putt


Here I lie close to the grave

Of Old Bill Piersol,

Who grew rich trading with the Indians, and who

Afterwards took the bankrupt law

And emerged from it richer than ever.

Myself grown tired of toil and poverty

And beholding how Old Bill and others grew in wealth,

Robbed a traveler one night near Proctor's Grove,

Killing him unwittingly while doing so,

For which I was tried and hanged.

That was my way of going into bankruptcy.

Now we who took the bankrupt law in our respective ways

Sleep peacefully side by side.




霍特·普特


我躺在这儿,

挨近比尔·皮尔索老家伙的坟,

他靠跟印第安人做交易发了横财,后来

依法宣告破产,

转眼又比原先更有钱。

我过腻了又累又穷的日子,

眼看老比尔等人生财有道,

一天夜里,我到普罗克托林边抢劫旅客,

不料失手打死了人,

为此,我被判绞刑。

我用这办法搞成破产。

瞧,咱们俩都依法破产,可路子不同,

现在却安静地睡在一起。

赵 毅 衡 译



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