联合国秘书长：新冠疫情危机前所未有，全球经济衰退或破纪录！（附视频&演讲稿）

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Introduction

3月21日，联合国秘书长古特雷斯在纽约总部举行视频记者会时表示，受新冠肺炎疫情冲击，全球经济“几乎肯定”会发生衰退，并“有可能达到创纪录的规模”。

古特雷斯称，我们现在面临的是联合国75年历史中前所未有的危机。它造成了人类的苦难，影响了全球经济，摧毁着人们的生活。国际劳工组织的最新报告显示，到今年年底全世界的工人可能损失多达3.4万亿美元的收入。

另据美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的实时统计数据显示，截至北京时间21日6时43分，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例累计超过27万例，死亡病例也超过1.1万例。

We are facing a global health crisis unlike any in the 75-year history of the United Nations — one that is spreading human suffering, infecting the global economy and upending people’s lives.

我们正面临着一场联合国75年历史上前所未有的全球卫生危机，这场危机正在扩散人类痛苦，影响全球经济，颠覆人们的生活。

A global recession – perhaps of record dimensions – is a near certainty.

全球经济衰退——或许是创纪录规模的衰退——几乎是板上钉钉的事。

The International Labour Organization (ILO) has just reported that workers around the world could lose as much as 3.4 trillion U.S. dollars in income by the end of this year.

国际劳工组织刚刚报告说，到今年年底，世界各地的劳动者可能会损失高达3.4万亿美元的收入。

This is, above all, a human crisis that calls for solidarity.

最重要的是，这是一场需要团结的人类危机。

Our human family is stressed and the social fabric is being torn.  People are suffering, sick and scared.

我们的人类大家庭承受着压力，社会结构正在被撕裂。人们正在受苦、生病和恐惧。

Current responses at the country level will not address the global scale and complexity of the crisis.

目前国家一级的应对措施不能解决这场危机的全球规模和复杂性。

This is a moment that demands coordinated, decisive, and innovative policy action from the world’s leading economies.   We must recognize that the poorest and most vulnerable — especially women — will be the hardest hit.

这是一个需要世界主要经济体采取协调、果断和创新政策行动的时刻。我们必须认识到，最贫穷的国家和最脆弱的人口——特别是妇女——将受到最严重的打击。

I welcome the decision by G20 leaders to convene an emergency summit next week to respond to the epic challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic – and I look forward to taking part.

我欢迎二十国集团领导人决定下周召开紧急峰会，以应对2019冠状病毒病这一大流行病带来的巨大无比的挑战——我期待着参加。

My central message is clear:  We are in an unprecedented situation and the normal rules no longer apply.  We cannot resort to the usual tools in such unusual times.

我的中心思想很明确：我们正处于前所未有的境况，正常的规则不再适用。在这种非常时期，我们不能求助于通常的工具。

The creativity of the response must match the unique nature of the crisis – and the magnitude of the response must match its scale.

应对措施的创造性必须与危机的独特性质相匹配，而且应对措施的规模必须与危机规模相匹配。

Our world faces a common enemy.  We are at war with a virus.

我们的世界面临着一个共同的敌人。我们正与一种病毒作战。

COVID-19 is killing people, as well as attacking the real economy at its core – trade, supply chains, businesses, jobs.  Entire countries and cities are in lockdown.  Borders are closing.  Companies are struggling to stay in business and families are simply struggling to stay afloat.

2019冠状病毒病正在夺去人们的生命，同时也在攻击核心的实体经济——贸易、供应链、商业和就业。整个国家和城市都处于封锁状态。边境在不断关闭。公司正在努力维持业务，家庭只是在努力维持生存。

But in managing this crisis, we also have a unique opportunity.

不过，在处理这场危机过程中，我们也有着独特的机会。

Done right, we can steer the recovery toward a more sustainable and inclusive path.  But poorly coordinated policies risk locking in -- or even worsening -- already unsustainable inequalities, reversing hard-won development gains and poverty reduction.

如果处理得当，我们可以引导复苏走上一条更可持续、更具包容性的道路。但协调不力的政策有可能锁定甚至加剧本已不可持续的不平等，逆转来之不易的发展成果和减贫。

I call on world leaders to come together and offer an urgent and coordinated response to this global crisis. I see three critical areas for action:

我呼吁世界各国领导人齐心协力，紧急协调应对这场全球危机。我认为有三个需要采取行动的关键领域：

FIRST, TACKLING THE HEALTH EMERGENCY.

第一，应对突发卫生事件。

Many countries have exceeded the capacity to care for even mild cases in dedicated health facilities, with many unable to respond to the enormous needs of the elderly.

许多国家没有能力在专用卫生设施中护理即使是轻微病例，许多国家无法满足老年人的巨大需求。

Even in the wealthiest countries, we see health systems buckling under pressure.

即使在最富有的国家，我们也看到卫生系统在压力下崩溃。

Health spending must be scaled up right away to meet urgent needs and the surge in demand -- expanding testing, bolstering facilities, supporting health care workers, and ensuring adequate supplies – with full respect for human rights and without stigma.

必须立即扩大卫生支出，以满足紧急需求和需求激增，扩大检测，加强设施，支持卫生保健人员，并确保充足的供应——充分尊重人权，不要污名。

It has been proven that the virus can be contained.  It must be contained.

已经证明该病毒可控。也必须控制住。

If we let the virus spread like wildfire – especially in the most vulnerable regions of the world -- it would kill millions of people.

如果我们让这种病毒像野火一样传播——尤其是在世界上最脆弱的地区——将导致数以百万计的人死亡。

And we need to immediately move away from a situation where each country is undertaking its own health strategies to one that ensures, in full transparency, a coordinated global response, including helping countries that are less prepared to tackle the crisis.

我们需要立即摆脱每个国家都在实施自己的卫生战略的局面，转向确保完全透明的全球协调应对的局面，包括帮助那些没有准备好应对危机的国家。

Governments must give the strongest support to the multilateral effort to fight the virus, led by the World Health Organization (WHO), whose appeals must be fully met.

各国政府必须对由世界卫生组织领导的抗击该病毒的多边努力给予最强有力的支持，世界卫生组织的呼吁必须得到充分响应。

The health catastrophe makes clear that we are only as strong as the weakest health system.

这场卫生灾难清楚地表明，只有最脆弱的卫生系统强了，我们才会变强。

Global solidarity is not only a moral imperative, it is in everyone’s interests.

全球团结不仅是道义上的当务之急，也符合每个人的利益。

SECOND, WE MUST FOCUS ON THE SOCIAL IMPACT AND THE ECONOMIC RESPONSE AND RECOVERY.

第二，我们必须把重点放在社会影响以及经济应对与复苏。

Unlike the 2008 financial crisis, injecting capital in the financial sector alone is not the answer.  This is not a banking crisis – and indeed, banks must be part of the solution.

与2008年金融危机不同，此次若仅向金融部门注资，并非解决之道。此次并非一场银行业危机——而银行的确必须被纳入解决方案之中。

And it is not an ordinary shock in supply and demand; it is a shock to society as a whole.

这也非普通的供需冲击;而是一次对整个社会的冲击。

The liquidity of the financial system must be guaranteed, and  banks must use their resilience to support their customers.

金融体系的流动性必须得到保障，银行必须利用自身的韧性来支持其客户。

But let’s not forget this is essentially a human crisis.

但我们不要忘记，这本质上是一场人类危机。

Most fundamentally, we need to focus on people -- low-wage workers, small and medium enterprises and the most vulnerable.

更根本而言，我们需要把重点放在人身上——低薪工人、中小企业、最脆弱者。

And that means wage support, insurance, social protection, preventing bankruptcies and job loss.

这意味着要提供工资支持、保险、社会保障，以及防止破产和失业。

And that also means designing fiscal and monetary responses to ensure that the burden does not fall on those who can least afford it.

这也意味着要设计财政和货币对策，以确保负担不会落在最无负担能力者身上。

The recovery must not come on the backs of the poorest – and we cannot create a legion of new poor.

经济复苏不能落在最贫穷的人身上——我们也不能再导致一大批新的穷人出现。

We need to get resources directly in the hands of people.  A number of countries are taking up social protection initiatives such as cash transfers and universal income.

我们需要将资源直接置于人们手中。一些国家正在采取社会保障的举措，如现金转移和普遍收入举措。

We need to take it to the next level to ensure support reaches those entirely dependent on the informal economy and countries less able to respond.

我们需要将之提升到一个新的水平，以确保支持能及于那些完全依赖非正规经济的人以及反应能力较弱的国家。

Remittances are a lifeline in the developing world – especially now.  Countries have already committed to reduce remittance fees to 3 percent, much below the current average levels.  The crisis requires us to go further, getting as close to zero as possible.

汇款是发展中国家的生命线——尤其是现在。各国已经承诺将汇款手续费降低到3%，这已远远低于目前平均水平。然而面对这场危机，我们需要进一步降低手续费，尽可能接近于零。

In addition, G20 leaders have taken steps to protect their own citizens and economies by waiving interest payments.  We must apply that same logic to the most vulnerable countries in our global village and alleviate their debt burden.

此外，二十国集团领导人已采取步骤，通过免除利息支付来保护本国公民和经济。我们须将同样的逻辑适用于我们地球村中最脆弱的国家，减轻它们的债务负担。

Across the board, we need a commitment to ensure adequate financial facilities to support countries in difficulties.  The IMF, the World Bank and other International Financial Institutions play a key role. The private sector is essential to seeking and creating investment opportunities and protecting jobs.

在所有的方面，我们都需要承诺确保有足够的融资机制来支持陷入困境的国家。国际货币基金组织、世界银行等国际金融机构发挥着关键作用。对于寻求开创新性投资机会和保护就业，私营部门至关重要。

And we must refrain from the temptation of resorting to protectionism.  This is the time to dismantle trade barriers and re-establish supply chains.

我们必须抵挡住诉诸保护主义的诱惑。拆除贸易壁垒、重建供应链，此正其时。

Looking at the broader picture, disruptions to society are having a profound impact.

而从更广泛的角度来看，对社会造成的扰乱正在产生深远的影响。

We must address the effects of this crisis on women.  The world’s women are disproportionally carrying the burden at home and in the wider economy.

这场危机对妇女的影响问题，我们必须予以解决。全世界的女性在家庭和整个经济中承荷着过重的负担。

Children are also paying a heavy price.  More than 800 million children are out of school right now — many of whom rely on school to provide their only meal.  We must ensure that all children have access to food and equal access to learning – bridging the digital divide and reducing the costs of connectivity.

儿童也在付出沉重的代价。现在有超过8亿儿童失学在家，可其中许多儿童须依赖学校提供每天唯一的一顿饭。我们必须确保所有儿童都能获得食物和平等的学习机会——弥合数字鸿沟，降低连通费用。

As people’s lives are disrupted, isolated and upturned, we must prevent this pandemic from turning into a crisis of mental health.  Young people will be most at risk.

在人们的生活被扰乱、封隔和颠覆的情况下，我们必须防止这场流行病演变为精神健康危机。而青年面临的风险最大。

The world needs to keep going with core support to programmes for the most vulnerable, including through UN-coordinated humanitarian and refugee response plans.  Humanitarian needs must not be sacrificed.

世界需要继续为针对最弱势群体的项目提供核心支持，包括通过联合国协调的人道主义和难民应对计划。绝不能牺牲人道主义需求。

THIRD, AND FINALLY, WE HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO “RECOVER BETTER”.

第三，也是最后一点，我们有责任“恢复得更好”。

The 2008 financial crisis demonstrated clearly that countries with robust social protection systems suffered the least and recovered most quickly from its impact.

2008年的金融危机清楚地表明，社会保障制度健全的国家受影响最小，恢复得也最快。

We must ensure that lessons are learned and that this crisis provides a watershed moment for health emergency preparedness and for investment in critical 21st century public services and the effective delivery of global public goods.

我们必须确保吸取教训，并以这场危机为扭转的契机，做好卫生突发事件应急准备、投资于21世纪关键公共服务，有效地提供全球公益物。

We have a framework for action – the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change.  We must keep our promises for people and planet.

我们有现成的行动框架，即《2030年可持续发展议程》和关于气候变化的《巴黎协定》。我们必须信守对人类和地球的承诺。

The United Nations – and our global network of country offices -- will support all governments to ensure that the global economy and the people we serve emerge stronger from this crisis.

联合国和我们的全球国家办事处网络将支持各国政府确保全球经济和我们所服务的人民走出这场危机，并更加强健。

That is the logic of the Decade of Action to deliver the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

这正是实现可持续发展目标行动十年的逻辑所在。

More than ever before, we need solidarity, hope and the political will to see this crisis through together.

为共同度过这场危机，我们比以往任何时候都更需要团结、希望和政治意愿。

Thank you.

谢谢。

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