睡眠好可以预防70%的心脏病和中风

根据2022年ESC大会上的研究，十分之九的人没有良好的睡眠。该研究发现，睡眠欠佳的人心脏病和中风的可能性更高。作者估计，如果每个人都睡得好，这些心血管疾病中有十分之七是可以预防的。

Nine in ten people do not get a good night's sleep, according to research presented at ESC Congress 2022.1 The study found that suboptimal sleep was associated with a higher likelihood of heart disease and stroke. The authors estimated that seven in ten of these cardiovascular conditions could be prevented if everyone was a good sleeper.

研究作者、法国巴黎INSERM（法国国家健康和医学研究所）的Aboubakari Nambiema博士说：“应在生命的早期教育睡眠质量和数量对心脏健康的重要性。减少夜间噪音和工作压力都有助于改善睡眠。” 

"The importance of sleep quality and quantity for heart health should be taught early in life when healthy behaviours become established. Minimising night-time noise and stress at work can both help improve sleep ," said study author Dr. Aboubakari Nambiema of INSERM (the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Paris, France.

以往关于睡眠和心脏病的研究通常集中于一种睡眠习惯，如睡眠时间或睡眠呼吸暂停，即睡眠时呼吸停止和开始。此外，先前的研究通常仅在基线时评估睡眠。目前的研究使用了一个结合五种睡眠习惯的健康睡眠评分。研究人员调查了基线睡眠分数、睡眠分数随时间的变化与心血管疾病发病之间的关系。

Previous studies on sleep and heart disease have generally focused on one sleep habit, such as sleep duration or sleep apnoea, where breathing stops and starts while sleeping. In addition, prior studies have often assessed sleep at baseline only. The current study used a healthy sleep score combining five sleep habits. The researchers investigated the association between the baseline sleep score, and changes over time in the sleep score, and incident cardiovascular disease.

本研究包括巴黎前瞻性研究三（PPP3）的7200名参与者，这是一项基于社区的前瞻性队列观察。2008年至2011年，在一家预防性医疗中心招募了年龄在50至75岁且无心血管疾病的男性和女性。平均年龄为59.7岁，62%为男性。This study included 7,200 participants of the Paris Prospective Study III (PPP3), an observational community-based prospective cohort. Men and women aged 50 to 75 years and free of cardiovascular disease were recruited in a preventive medical centre between 2008 and 2011. The average age was 59.7 years and 62% were men.

问卷用于收集基线和两次随访时五种睡眠习惯的信息。如果最佳，每个因素得1分，如果不是，则得0分。计算出的健康睡眠得分范围为0到5，0或1被认为较差，5被认为最佳。得分最高的人报告每晚睡眠7至8小时，从未或很少失眠，没有频繁的过度白天嗜睡，没有睡眠呼吸暂停，以及早起（早起）。研究人员每两年检查一次冠心病和中风事件，共10年。

Questionnaires were used to collect information on five sleep habits at baseline and two follow up visits. Each factor was given 1 point if optimal and 0 if not. A healthy sleep score ranging from 0 to 5 was calculated, with 0 or 1 considered poor and 5 considered optimal. Those with an optimal score reported sleeping 7 to 8 hours per night, never or rarely having insomnia, no frequent excessive daytime sleepiness, no sleep apnoea, and an early chronotype (being a morning person). The researchers checked for incident coronary heart disease and stroke every two years for a total of 10 years.

在基线时，10%的参与者的睡眠得分最佳，8%的参与者睡眠得分较差。在8年的中位随访中，274名参与者出现冠心病或中风。他们发现，基线时睡眠得分每上升1分，冠心病和中风的风险就会下降22%。更具体地说，与得分为0或1的参与者相比，得分为5的参与者患心脏病或中风的风险降低了75%。

At baseline, 10% of participants had an optimal sleep score and 8% had a poor score. During a median follow up of eight years, 274 participants developed coronary heart disease or stroke. They found that the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke decreased by 22% for every 1 point rise in the sleep score at baseline. More specifically, compared to those with a score of 0 or 1, participants with a score of 5 had a 75% lower risk of heart disease or stroke.

研究人员估计了健康睡眠可以预防的心血管事件的比例。他们发现，如果所有参与者都有一个最佳睡眠分数，那么每年72%的冠心病和中风新病例都可以避免。

The researchers estimated the proportion of cardiovascular events that could be prevented with healthier sleep. They found that if all participants had an optimal sleep score, 72% of new cases of coronary heart disease and stroke might be avoided each year.

在两次随访中，几乎一半的参与者（48%）改变了睡眠分数：25%的参与者睡眠分数下降，23%的参与者改善。当研究人员检查得分变化与心血管事件之间的关联时，他们发现随着时间的推移，1分的增加与冠心病或中风风险降低7%相关。

Over two follow ups, almost half of participants (48%) changed their sleep score: in 25% it decreased whereas in 23% it improved. When the researchers examined the association between the change in score and cardiovascular events, they found that a 1 point increment over time was associated with a 7% reduction in the risk of coronary heart disease or stroke.

博士南比马说：“鉴于心血管疾病是全世界最主要的死亡原因，需要进一步认识良好睡眠对维持健康的心脏重要性。”

Dr. Nambiema said: " Given that cardiovascular disease is the top cause of death worldwide, greater awareness is needed on the importance of good sleep for maintaining a healthy heart."

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The abstract "Healthy sleep score and incident cardiovascular diseases: the Paris Prospective Study III (PPS3)" will be presented during the session Sleep disorders and apnoea, physical inactivity on Saturday 27 August at 14:15 to 15:00 CEST at Station 4.

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