天津大学建筑学院大师班研一课程设计

天津大学建筑学院 UniDesignLab 2022-04-21

# 课程概述 #

Research Brief

此次课程为天津大学建筑学院研究生一年级大师班研究课程。本次课程与德国卡塞尔的DOCUMENTA 15展览合作，最终完成的设计项目有机会参与其中。项目基地为德国卡塞尔或秦皇岛蔚蓝海岸的自然景观中，由学生自行选择。

This course will collaborate with the DOCUMENTA15, and the completed design work may have chance to take in. There will be twochoices of site, one in Kassel, Germany, and another one would be Seatopia atQinhuangdao. Students can make their own decision.

本课程中，我们首先将剖析古乐器的结构和它背后的声学原理，以及其声学原理所蕴含的时间与空间的特殊性，并将这种特殊的时空意义转化为二维的建筑分析图。在二维建筑分析图中抽取出建筑语言，并转译为三维的建筑建构。在建筑学中有三种不同的尺度，分别是城市、建筑、以及建构。本次课程着眼于建构这一基本尺度。我们用建构来谱写一首“建筑之诗”。

In the Architecture Poetry Behind ChineseTraditional Instrument, we are going to analyze the structure and its acoustical principle. The acoustical principle contains particularity of spaceand time, and the particularity can be transferred into two dimensionalarchitectural diagram. We can find the architecture language within the twodimensional diagram, and transfer into three dimensional architectonic. Thereare three different scales in architecture: urban, architecture, and detail.This course will focus on the detail scale, and write architecture poetrieswith varies of construction method and detail.

本课程采用国内外联合、线上线下并行的授课模式。授课团队由来自时境建筑的张继元、卜骁骏以及德国卡塞尔大学的Christoph Hesse组成，三人均毕业于哈佛大学设计研究生院。

This will be an online-offline studio taught byJiyuan Zhang, Xiaojun Bu, and Christoph Hesse, who were graduated from GSD,Harvard University.

# 指导老师 #

Lecturer

# 学生名单 #

Student List

李飞扬 / 李书冉 / 魏玲 / 张文静 / 姜寒 /

纪硕 / 张爽 / 杜艺萌 / 范涵煦 / 刘梦佳 / 史聪怡

# 设计展示 #

Exhibition

设计说明 :

“筝者，上圆似天，下平似地，中空而准六和，弦柱十二，拟十二个月，乃人智之器也。” 古筝是我国古老的拨弹乐器之一，形成流传于秦地，盛行于隋唐。而《高山流水》作为中国十大古曲之一，凝结了中国古文化与古乐之精华。本设计以这一古曲为基础，将不同的演奏技巧与发音方式转化为建筑语汇，并提取山与水的意向，结合卡塞尔与秦皇岛两个场地的不同文化背景与场地特点营造出两个冥想与回望的场所。

"The zither is round like the sky onthe top and flat like the ground on the bottom. It is hollow and accurate. Ithas six harmony strings and twelve columns. It is intended to last twelvemonths. It is also a tool of human intelligence." Guzheng is one of theancient plucked instruments in China. It was formed and spread in the QinDynasty and prevailed in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Gao Shan Shui Liu, one ofChina's ten ancient songs, has condensed the essence of China's ancient cultureand ancient music. Based on this ancient music, this design transformsdifferent playing skills and pronunciation methods into architecturalvocabulary, extracts the intention of mountain and water, and creates twoplaces for meditation and looking back in combination with the differentcultural backgrounds and site characteristics of Kassel and Qinhuangdao.

分析阶段：

古筝构件与木构架建筑对比分析

《高山流水》乐谱转译

语汇提取

卡塞尔基地分析：

城市肌理

城市轴线

卡塞尔建筑概念：

a Memorial Tower

平面图

建筑剖面

建筑

秦皇岛基地分析：

区位分析

秦皇岛建筑概念：

概念手绘

剖面图

建筑分析

模型

设计说明：

探寻古乐器箜篌的发音和构造本质，通过数字研究、模拟研究两种方式，尝试将箜篌声音可视化。将声音的呈现与德国卡塞尔的城市历史相结合，选取一片掩埋着二战建筑遗骸的坡地作为建筑基址，于历史之上创造了二战幸存建筑纪念馆。旨在提醒人们：战争虽削弱了城市自信，但同样带来了精彩的矛盾，卡塞尔成为了一个由被毁的历史、执拗与希望组成的艺术品，瑕疵带来的不全是失落，还有迷人的城市建设故事。

Explore the pronunciation and structural nature of the ancientinstrument Konghou, and try to visualize the sound of konghou through digital researchand simulation research. By combining the presentation of sound with thehistory of kassel, a slope containing the remains of wwii buildings was chosenas the base of the building to create the World War II surviving architectureMemorial. Designed to remind people that while the war undermined the city'sself-confidence, it also brought splendid contradictions, and Kassel became aart of ruined history, obstinacy and hope, imperfections that produced not onlyloss but also a fascinating story of city-building.

分析阶段：

箜篌分析

形态提取

卡塞尔基地分析：

场地

场地周围

卡塞尔建筑概念：

语汇分析

模型

构件分析

截面分析

视线+流线分析

效果图

设计说明：

两地的建筑都是为了保存和和唤起当地居民的历史记忆与情感而设计建造的。所有的建筑都维系着人们对时间深度和绵延的感知,记录并暗示出文化的叙事性与人类的历史感。我们无法把时间作为单纯的物理维度来加以构想,而只能通过它的真实化去理解它,例如时间性事件留下的痕迹、发生的场所和进程等。

卡塞尔的城市尺度比秦皇岛要小，通过不同高度的瞭望塔可以直观的观察到历史建筑，所以建筑更为开放。秦皇岛有部分的城市景观因为楼的遮挡是不可见的。所以除了取景框以外还增加了该景观的介绍和展示。

Both buildings aredesigned to preserve and evoke the historical memories and emotions of localresidents. All the buildings maintain the sense of depth and continuity oftime, recording and implying the narrative of culture and the sense of humanhistory. We cannot conceive time as a mere physical dimension, but can onlyunderstand it through its reality, such as the traces left by temporal events,the place and process of occurrence.

Kassel'surban scale is smaller than Qinhuangdao's, and historical buildings can bedirectly observed through watchtowers of different heights, so the buildingsare more open. Part of the urban landscape of Qinhuangdao is invisible becauseof the block of buildings. Therefore, in addition to the viewfinder frame, theintroduction and display of the landscape are also added.

分析阶段：

古典乐器剖析

节奏转译

卡塞尔基地分析：

场地

卡塞尔建筑概念：

总平面

视线分析

模型

效果图

设计说明：

在此次studio的设计过程中我们花了很长的时间来研究音乐与空间的关系，从对乐器一无所知到由它发展出自己的建筑语言并最终设计一个建筑的过程是一个很奇妙的过程，也是我在之前所接受的建筑教育中从未有过的体验。老师们给了我一个新的欣赏音乐的角度，在这个角度下，我发现了很多优雅的数理关系、音节间错综复杂的联系乃至变化统一的弹奏手法等这些平时很少注意到的乐器之美，也由此产生了“艺术是一件私人的事情”的想法并最终设计了一个作为艺术家个人舞台的personal stage。

In this studio, we spent a long time studying the relationshipbetween music and space, and the process from knowing nothing about musicalinstruments to developing my own architectural language and finally designing abuilding is a wonderful process. It is also an experience that I have neverexperienced before in my previous architectural education. The teachers gave mea new perspective on music appreciation, and from this perspective, I found alot of elegant mathematical relationships, intricate connections betweensyllables, and even the beauty of instruments that I rarely noticed, such asthe changing and unified playing methods, which gave rise to the idea that"art is a private matter" and finally I designed a personal stage forthe artists.

分析阶段：

乐器分析

语汇提取

秦皇岛基地分析：

场地

秦皇岛建筑概念：

人+空间

平面图

模型

平切分析

剖切分析

效果图

设计说明：

通过对古琴的系统性分析从中汲取原型，从而设计一组供一人独自冥想的时光容器，旨在通过对外界的短暂隔离，让人们从世事繁杂中暂时抽离，沉浸在与光、与时间、与自然的对话中。两个方案基于两块场地的要素进行设计，正负形的图底关系转化将相隔万里的两座建筑建立起了联系，将光这一共同的灵魂进行不同方式的诠释。

Drawing prototypes from the systematicanalysis of the guqin, to design a set of time containers for one person tomeditate alone, aiming to temporarily isolate people from the clutter of theworld and immerse themselves in dialogue with light, time and nature through abrief isolation from the outside world . The two buildings are designed basedon the elements of the two sites, and the two buildings separated by thousandsof miles are connected through the transformation of the positive and negativemap-base relationship, and the common soul of light is interpreted in differentways.

分析阶段：

古琴立面分析

重构古琴

语汇提取

卡塞尔基地分析：

场地

卡塞尔建筑概念：

平面图

模型

效果图

秦皇岛基地分析：

场地

秦皇岛建筑概念：

平面图

模型

效果图

设计说明：

琵琶是著名的中国传统乐器，本次设计课题从琵琶的构造开始，对琵琶的平面剖面、部件结构进行了深度的了解，研究琵琶的发声原理，并梳理总结其中的规律。然后将这种规律图像化，再通过浇筑、剖切、提取图像等建筑化的研究方法，获得独特的原创的原型符号和建筑语言。然后结合场地分析进一步推敲出建筑方案。这是一种具有普适性的研究方法，它并不是一种直接的化用，而是在客观规律的基础上进行创作性发散的设计方法。

The pipa isa famous traditional Chinese musical instrument. This design topic starts fromthe structure of the pipa, carries out an in-depth understanding of the planesection and component structure of the pipa, studies the sound principle of thepipa, and summarizes the rules therein. Then this law is graphically, and thenthrough pouring, cutting, image extraction and other architectural researchmethods, the unique original prototype symbols and architectural language canbe obtained. Then combined with the site analysis to further refine thebuilding scheme. This is a universal research method, it is not a direct use,but on the basis of the objective law of creative divergence of the designmethod.

分析阶段：

乐器分析

乐谱图像化转译

提取建筑语汇

卡塞尔基地分析：

场地

卡塞尔建筑概念：

建筑语汇

草图

平面图

模型

剖面分析

秦皇岛基地分析：

场地

秦皇岛建筑概念：

建筑语汇

平面图

模型

效果图

设计说明：

本次设计，以“洞箫“为研究对象切入，对于洞箫发声过程中管腔内气柱变化为研究对象。把发”12 3 4 5 6 7“声时气柱气压的变化，转化成实体。并按照《梅花三弄》的谱子进行排列。得到一个原型后，再进行正负形的转化，将空气柱转化为负型。并结合Kassel场地对于二战的分析，设计成一个战争反思纪念亭，从而达到在战争中殒命的无辜平民的反思。

This design, taking the"Dongxiao" as the research object, the change of air column in thelumen during the sound production of Dongxiao is to be researched. The changeof air column pressure during the sound production of "1 2 3 4 5 6 7"is transformed into entities which is arranged by the Three Movements of Plum Blossom.After a prototype is obtained, the positive and negative shape is transformedto convert the air column into negative shape. Combined with the analysis ofKassel memory of World War II, a war reflection Memorial Pavilion is designedto achieve the reflection of innocent civilians who died in the war.

分析阶段：

乐器分析

空间转译

提取建筑语汇

卡塞尔基地分析：

场地

卡塞尔建筑概念：

将纪念石放入墙体，以特殊方式纪念“生命”

平面图

效果图

剖面

设计说明：

从场地中原有的诸多文博公共场所中，提取出源自古典建筑的拱廊和拱券等重要元素，而这也恰是前面乐器发声原理、乐曲转译和建筑语汇确立阶段提取出的，本方案设计了一个声音艺术馆，将传统的拱券和拱廊进行抽象和变形，在此基础上寻求空间和功能的联系。创造了三种不同的空间：由城市博物馆轴线限定的底层拱廊空间；，其内部形成众多凹面的球拱空间，使得空间中所产生的声音充满变化；串联上下层的伞拱空间，它形成的高大的凸面空间使得声音易于集中，氛围肃穆，提供驻足凝思的冥想空间。

From many original cultural and public museumplaces in the site of Kassel, important elements such as arcades and archesderived from classical architecture are extracted, which is also extracted fromthe previous stage of translation of the music and mechanism of instrument andarchitectural vocabulary establishment. In this program, a sound art museum isdesigned to abstract and deform the traditional arches and arcades, and seekthe connection between space and function on this basis. Three different spaceswere created: the ground floor arcade space defined by the axis of the citymuseum;, Many concave spherical arch spaces are formed inside, which makes thesound generated in the space full of changes; The umbrella-shaped arch spaceconnecting the upper and lower layers in series, the tall convex space formedby it makes the sound easy to concentrate, the atmosphere is solemn, andprovides a meditation space for stopping and meditating.

分析阶段：

洞箫原理分析

乐曲转译

提取建筑语汇

卡塞尔基地分析：

场地

视线分析

卡塞尔建筑概念：

语汇转译

结构分析

效果图

# 特约嘉宾 #